Thomas Pynchon Wiki - User contributions [en]

S

2007-11-02T14:14:54Z

Ya:

'''Sacques''' 
564;

'''St. Brendan (C.E. 484-578)''' 
A semi-legendary Irish saint best known for his 7-year voyage in search of the "Land of the Saints," i.e., the Isle of St. Brendan, supposedly in the mid-Atlantic, which Isle legend has him finding and living upon; "Set out in the fifth century to discover an Island he believ'd was the Paradise
of the Scriptures" 134; Isle, 703; 712; Well of Saint Brendan, 724; [http://www.catholicism.org/pages/brendan.htm Great Website on St. Brendan & Possible 5th Century Visits to America]; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._Brendan Wikipedia entry]

'''St.-Foux''' 
27; 39; 85

'''St. George Parry''' 
389; knife maneuver

<div id="helena"></div>'''St. Helena''' 
74; Island and British territory in the south Atlantic Ocean, 1920 km off the coast of southwest coast of Africa; it was annexed by the Dutch in 1633, then annexed and occupied by the [[E#eic|East India Company]] in 1659; became a British territory in 1833; coffee, 78; 105; 133

'''St. Kenelm's''' 
200; 211

'''Saint Nicholas''' 
352

'''St. Omer''' 
222; Le Maire teaches at a school there, 268

'''St. Peter''' 
26;

<div id="sandwich"></div>'''Sandwich, Lord (1718-92)''' 
John Montagu, 4th Earl of Sandwich, took part in the prosecution of [[W#Wilkes|Sir John Wilkes]], was associated with Dashwood and the [[M#Medmenham|"Mad Monks of Medmenham Abbey"]]; for his corruption was nicknamed Jemmy Twitcher. The "Sandwich" was invented in 1762; Sandwich, 262, 366, 367, 720

'''''Sal Si Puedes''''' 
55;

'''Sally Lunn''' 
199; a baked good

'''Samarkand''' 
669

'''Sandy Bay''' 
127; 159

'''Sapperton''' 
170; village about 8 miles east of [[#stroud|Stroud]], and Mason's hometown; 719 [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&q=Sapperton,+Gloucestershire,+GL7,+UK&ie=UTF8&om=1 Google Map]

'''Sappho's Fragment 95''' 
96; Sappho of Lesbos (@630BC) is considered one of the great Greek lyrist-poets (she wrote her poems to be accompanied by a lyre). Socrates called her "The Beautiful" and Plato wrote about her, "Some say there are Nine Muses. How careless they are! Behold, Sappho of Lesbos is the Tenth!" Sappho spent most of her life on the Greek island of Lesbos. Only one of Sappho's poems survives in its entirety; the rest are fragments, one of which is #95 which W. T. Wharton translates: "Evening, thou that bringest all that bright morning scattered; thou bringest the sheep, the goat, the child back to her mother." Pynchon used "[[H#hesperus|Hesperus]]" - the Goddess of Evening - which is often used instead of "Evening".
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sappho Wikipedia entry]

'''Savage Mountain''' 
683

'''''Scamozz''''' 
260;

'''Scanderoon''' 
251; "At the northeastern corner of the Mediterranean Sea, just below the point where the southern coast of Asia minor joins the western coast of Syria, lies the town of Scanderoon, the ancient city of Alexandretta. This is the seaport for Aleppo, ancient Haleb, about one hundred miles to the east and a little south, for centuries a trading centre whence go caravans of merchandise to the towns far down the Euphrates, and where are brought the grains and wool that come in return." (from: The Arab Horse, Chapter II, "Arabia, And Some of the Bedouins" by Spencer Borden; New York, 1906); Scanderoon/Alexandretta was also the site, in 1628, of Sir Kenelm Digby's (carrying Letters of Marque from King Charles I) victory against French and Venetian galleys anchored there.

'''Schess, Frederick''' 
509; Waggoner on M&D crew

'''Schiehallion''' 
730; "Scottish mountain"; mountain in Perthshire, Scotland; [[Schiehallion|Maskelyne and...]]

'''''schlag''''' 
580; German for whipped cream

'''Schuylkill''' 
259; River flowing through the middle of Philadelphia and emptying into the Delaware (which separates Philadelphia from New Jersey). Its source is higher up in the state, in Schuylkill County. Pronounced SKOO-gull, "-kill" being derived from the Dutch for "river" or "canal". In the 18th century, the Schuylkill marked the western boundary of Philadelphia; [[Cape Map|MAP]]

'''Schvenkfelders''' 
380; members of a Protestant sect founded by Kaspar von Schwenkfeld (c.1490-1561), a German mystic. The sect's doctrines most resembled those of the Quakers. In 1736, 40 families emigrated to Pennsylvania where they maintained a distinct existence.

'''Scotia''' 
571;

'''''Scotismus''''' 
596

'''Scriblerian''' 
413; Martinus Scriblerus, a character invented by the Scriblerus Club formed around 1713 by Pope, Swift, Arbuthnot, and others. They collaborated on ''The Memoirs of Martinus Scriblerus,'' a satire intended to ridicule lack of taste in learning; it was belatedly published in 1741.

'''Sea-Fret''' 
243; ''O.E.D.'': fret, North, M19, origin unknown, mist or drizzle coming in off the sea; a sea fog

'''''Seahorse''''' 
21; "Sixth-rate" on which M&D sail to Cape of Good Hope

'''Seal''' 
485

'''Seaton Prize''' 
116; The Seatonian Prize was set up in 1750, being awarded to any Cambridge
graduate for the best poem on "the perfections or attributes of the
supreme being." ''See also'' [[Christopher Smart|Christopher Smart and...]]

'''Sector''' 
13; a telescope meant to view only the zenith (the point in the sky directly above); [[Sector|MORE]]; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sector_%28instrument%29 Wikipedia entry]

'''Selim''' 
31; racing Yorick in Chester Town, 756

'''Seneca''' 
532; American Indian tribe; 571; Maiden, 554; 609

'''''Senzacapo, Count''''' 
118; Italian: "without a head"

'''Serpents &c.''' 
135; Worm of Slavery, 147; 153; 196; 226; 231; 242; 245; 344; 352; 594; 591;
Serpent-mound, 595; 673; 676; "deadly watersnake" 690; 770

'''seventh Wrangler''' 
437; ''See'' [[W#wrangler|seventh Wrangler]]

<div id="seven"></div>'''Seven Years' War (1756-63)''' 
The last major conflict before the French Revolution to involve all the great European powers. Basically, it was France, Austria, Saxony, Sweden and Russian versus Prussia, Hanover and Great Britain. The French and Indian War in the colonies was part of it and was settled by the [[P#paris|Treaty of Paris]]. See also [[B#leuthen|Battle of Leuthen]]. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Seven_Years%27_War Wikipedia]

'''Seymour''' 
112

'''''Sha''''' 
542; aka "Bad Energy"; 545; 547; 573; 601; 615; 649; 683; 692

'''Shakespeare, William''' 
351; 690; ''Tragedy of Hypatia'', 559;

'''Shambles''' 
289; abattoir

'''Shantung''' 
169; soft, undressed Chinese silk or fabric made from same

'''Sharpe, Governor Horatio''' 
575; Governor of Maryland, and one of the Commissioners appointed by Lord Baltimore to settle the boundary dispute between Maryland and Pennsylvania, at the time of the surveying of the M-D Line

'''Shaula, second Altitude of''' 
71; a star, Scorpii (Shaula); 72

'''Shawanese''' 
536; tribe that kidnapped Eliza; 595; 663

<div id="shelby"></div>'''Shelby, Captain Evan (1719-1794)''' 
497; A historical figure mentioned in Mason's [[Charles Mason's Journal|Mason's Journal Entry]]. His son, Isaac, became the first governor of the state of Kentucky (1792); 548; and Tom & Catherine Wheat, 576; Welshman, 581; 585; a surveyor, 586; Shelby's Mound, 598; "fighting in the West" 754; [[Proceedings of the Council of Maryland|Historical Record]]

'''Shelby Seat''' 
575

'''Shelton, Mr.''' 
13; Shelton Clock, 121;

'''''Shin''''' 
485

'''Shippen, Mr.''' 
293; wealthy Tory Loyalist and member of Governor's Council in Philadelphia, and one of the Commissioners appointed by the Proprietors of Pennsylvania to settle the boundary dispute between Maryland and Pennsylvania, at the time of the surveying of the M-D Line; 325; 773

'''Shippen, Peggy''' 
308; daughter of Mr. Shippen; married Benedict Arnold in June 1778.

'''Shippensburg''' 
601; city in Pennsylvania which borders Franklin and Cumberland
counties. Founded July 1730. Named after Edwin Shippen.

'''Shirburn Castle''' 
193;

'''Shockey, Staphel''' 
496; M&D pause at his house near Antietam Creek

<div id="short"></div>'''Short, Mr.''' 
98; of the Royal Society; made Gregorian reflector for M&D's telescope; 270; in
the running for Astronomer Royal, 438;

'''Shorty''' 
258; the cook

'''Shovell, Sir Cloudsley''' 
323; Captain whose ships crashed onto the Rocks of Scilly

'''Shuja-ud-Danla''' 
162;

'''Sideling Hill''' 
601; One of the best outcrops in the northeastern U.S.A.
is located in the panhandle of Maryland along route 48. Known as Sideling
Hill, the outcrop exposes a syncline in the Valley and Ridge of the
Appalachians, where younger Mississipian strata lie upon Devonian strata.
850 feet of sedimentary rock are exposed in the road cut, and consist of clastics ranging from shale to conglomerate, including coal measures and a rather enigmatic diamictite near the base. <ref>[http://www.geol.umd.edu/HUTTON/sideling.html Geology Website]</ref>

'''Silbury Hill''' 
Silbury Hill lies about a mile south of the Avebury Henge and is situated
in a slight dip just north of the A4 and can be reached from the adjacent
car park although visitors are discouraged from climbing the mound. The mound was built around 2660 BC by Neolithic farmers who subsisted on
wheat, barley, oxen, pigs, and sheep. In this area there is substantial
evidence of goddess worship, and the goddesses are typically portrayed in
the squatting (birthing) position. Silbury Hill is probably the most mysterious Neolithic site in Europe with many theories being expressed as to the purpose of its original construction. Although some believe it was the burial place of King Zil, along with a golden horse, several excavations rule this out as no trace of any type of burial was found. Some people believe that it was built to represent the mother goddess, with the mound sybolising the pregnant womb. It was constructed over a period of probably about 30 or 40 years, around 2500 - 2700 BC which makes it contemporary with the megaliths at Avebury and also with the pyramids in Egypt.598; 748; [http://www.stonehenge.co.uk/silbury_hill/silbury_hill_info.htm More on Silbury Hill]

'''Singleton, Captain John''' 
469; in whose meadow M&D sink a marker post

'''Sir Cloudsley''' 
130; Maskelyne's drink at his local on St. Helena

'''Sirius''' 
107; the Dog Star; The Dog Star, Sirius, is the brightest star in the sky, and frequently used in navigation; moreover, it's a paired star (not unlike Mason and Dixon)[http://www.hyperarts.com/pynchon/v/alpha/d.html#dog">MORE on ThomasPyncon.com]

'''Sisson''' 
119;

'''Six Nations''' 
513; 531; 571-72; 636

'''Sixty-six, the''' 
565

'''Sizer''' 
437; In Cambridge
University and at Trinity Colege, Dublin, a "sizer" is an undergraduate receiving an allowance from the college to enable him or her to study and,
formerly, required to perform certain menial duties.

'''Skanderoon''' 
47; aka Iskenderun, a southern Turkish seaport; 251

'''Skraellings''' 
633

'''Slad''' 
527; town in Gloucestershire, about 2 miles north of Stroud

'''Slavery''' 
"a Gothick Pursuit" 275; "In all Virginia, tho' Slaves pass'd before his Sight, he saw none. ''That'' was what had not occurr'd. It was all about something else [...]" 398; 692-93; Dixon accosting slave-driver, 695

'''Slough, Mr.''' 
342; where the Paxton Boys leave their horses. A "slough" is, according to ''Webster's New Twentieth Century Dictionary,'' "a place of deep mud or mire."

'''Slowcombe''' 
52; Fifer on ''Seahorse''

<div id="smart"></div>'''Smart, Christopher (1722-71)''' 
116; "Christopher Smart, who was tossed in the madhouse for his incessant praying (in the street, for the most part), constantly asked what creativity was, what rationality and irrationality were. His poems let loose a portion of the imagination which the age of reason made a point of keeping fettered with social norms and conventional religion; in this way his raptures were related to the scenes of redemptive or escapest madness we see in the literature of Sensibility." From [http://www.engl.virginia.edu/~enec981/dictionary/24smartM1.html this website]; Smart's published works include ''Poems on Several Occasions'' (1752), ''The Hilliad: An Epic Poem'' (1753), ''A Song to David'' (1763), ''Horace Translated into Verse'' (1767), and ''Jubilate Agno''; [[Christopher Smart|Smart and Samuel Johnson]]

'''Smedley, Lord''' 
281;

'''Smith, Captain John''' 
10; Captain of the ''Seahorse''; 349;

'''Smith, Matt''' 
305;

<div id="smith"></div>'''Smith, Old Sam''' 
638; Lancaster Sheriff and adversary of [[C#cresap|Thomas Cresap]]. Smith was a Pennsylvanian who had at one point (1736) burnt Cresap's home to the ground while attempting to arrest him for the murder of Knoles Daunt.

'''smoak''' 
understand (defined by content; word invented by Pynchon?), 25; smoke, 294; understand, 364;

'''Snake''' 
643; dog

'''Snares of Ranelagh''' 
140;

<div id="snorri"></div>'''Snorri''' 
633; child of [[K#karlsefni|Gudrid and Thorfinn Karlsefni]], and the first white child known to have been born in America.

'''Snotter''' 
566

'''Snowball, Billy''' 
503

'''Snow, Mr.''' 
243; Keel-Bully who takes Dixon out and they drift to "America"; [[Mr.Snow|Etymological Musings]]

'''Snowy Owl Year''' 
513

'''Soames, Jack "Fingers"''' 
53; 699 (?)

'''Society of Jesus''' 
223; Jesuits organization;
''
'''''Socko Stoombray''' 
647; Spanish: ''Se acostumbre''. The text translates this correctly, "one gets used to it."

'''Socrates''' 
283;

'''Sons of Liberty''' 
564; 570

'''Soubrette''' 
419

'''Soupçon de Trop''' 
378; French: "Too Much Suspicion" or "A Bit Much"; "local ''Repaire'' [den]"

'''South Mountain''' 
491;

'''Spadger''' 
259;

'''SPANISH TRANSLATIONS''' 
"una Criatura Ci'clica, asi eres" - "a cyclical creature, so you are" (432); "la Obra": "work" (522); "Pues Entonces": "Now then" or "Well then" (523); "Siempre Alguien derrama las Judias": "Someone always scatters the Jewesses" (523) ["Judias" also means "beans" - thus, what Zarpazo's really saying is "someone always spills the beans" (thanks to Benjamin Schei); "Viudita": "Little widow" (535); "!indale, mis hijos!": "come on/hurry up, my sons!" (549)

'''Spanish Visitor''' 
515; 524; 530; ''See'' [x-z.html#zarpazo">Zarpazo</a>

'''Spears, Mr.''' 
659; lives "where Braddock Road meets the Bank of the Yochio"

'''Spinney, Mr.''' 
454; on M&D crew

'''Spit, Guy''' 
457; "Pass-Bank Bully" on M&D crew; 546

'''Squire's Line''' 
694

'''Squivelli, Mr.''' 
177; ''LOrecchio Fatale'' ("The Fateful Ear")

<div id="staindrop"></div>'''Staindrop Church''' 
233;

'''Staithes''' 
418

<div id="stamp"></div>'''Stamp Act''' 
353; This law passed by the British government in 1765, levied the first-ever
direct tax by Britain on the Americans, requiring payment of a tax on items
such as papers and dopcuments, including newspapers, that were produced in
the colonies. Special stamps were to be affixed to the papers as proof that the tax had been paid. The uproar this act created in the colonies resulted in
George III repealing it in 1766; 394; 405; 564

'''Star Trek''' 
154; "They styl'd it 'Trekking,' and themselves 'Trekkers.'; 486; "Live long and prosper"; [Leonard Nimoy stated in an interview that he "borrowed" the "Vulcan salute" from a hand symbolin Orthodox Judaism; it is a blessing by the priests (''Kohanim'' which symbolizes the Hebrew letter ''shin'', the first letter in the word ''Shaddai'' (Lord)]

'''Stations of the Cross''' 
158; a series of 14 pictures or carvings portraying the Passion of Christ, from his condemnation by Pontius Pilate to his burial, i.e., (1) Jesus condemned to death, (2) made to bear the cross, (3) his first fall, (4) meets his mother, (5) Simon of Cyrene is made to bear the cross, (6) Veronica wipes Jesus' face, (7) his second fall, (8) women of Jerusalem weep over him, (9) falls a third time, (10) stripped of his garments, (11) nailed to the cross, (12) dies on the cross, (13) taken down from the cross, (14) placed in the tomb; 267; 314; 724

'''Stayndropshire''' 
233;

'''Steed''' 
577

'''Stephens''' 
32;

'''Stepney''' 
195;

'''Sterloop''' 
101; what the Dutch at the Cape call the rifles with the Pentacle sign, 342;

'''Stewart, Reverend''' 
305;

'''Stichomythia''' 
473; Dialogue in alternate lines of verse, used in disputation in Greek drama, and characterized by antithesis and repetition.

'''Stig''' 
443; Swede Axman on M&D crew; 465; Zarpazo in disguise? 545; 602; 610;
692; 706; 738

'''Stobs''' 
473; wooden stakes used for tallying the chains measured along the line

'''Stone, Reverend Mr. Edmund''' 
690; In 1750, the Rev. Edward Stone of Chipping Norton, England, isolated from a willow tree the first of a group of analgesic drugs derived from salicylic
acid (from the Latin "salix," which means "willow"). The acetylated
salicylic acid, having fewer side effects than Rev. Stone's original, is
better known as aspirin. It has become the most popular, effective,
universally used reliever of pain. [http://www.nidr.nih.gov/slavkin/pain.htm Source]

'''Stonehenge''' 
210; a Stone Age circle of standing stones, some still connected across the top with lintels, used as a cosmic calendar and for religious ceremonies. It is located east of center of a large area of flat land known as Salisbury Plain; 595; 749

<div id="strafford"></div>'''Strafford, Thomas Wentworth, 1st Earl of(1593-1641)''' 
226; English statesman who was originally opposed to [[C#charles-I|King Charles I]], but then became a royalist. While lord deputy of Ireland, he promoted despotic policies in order to solidify Charles' dominion. When rebellion broke out in Scotland in response to the harsh policies, Strafford was blamed and, vigorously prosecuted by [[P#pym|John Pym]] and [[V#vane|Sir Henry Vane]], he was beheaded.

'''Strikes of '43 and '50''' 
244; [[Strikes of '43 and '50|MORE]]

<div id="stroud"></div>'''Stroud''' 
167; 197; Churs of, 414; 501; [http://maps.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&q=stroud+United+Kingdom&ie=UTF8&om=1 Google Map]

'''Stuart''' 
551

'''Stuart Charters''' 
226;

'''Stukeleyesque''' 
595; William Stukeley (1687-1765) was a British antiquarian known as the "Arch-Druid." He did valuable objective fieldwork at Stonehenge and Avebury, but his later attempts to link them to the Druids lost many of his colleagues. He wrote ''Itinerarium Curiosum'' (1724) about his travels around Britain.

'''Styx''' 
399; river surrounding Hades; "Monongahela is the" 663

'''subjunctive'''
hopes, 345; laws of nature and common sense, 365

'''''Succedaneum''''' 
205; Latin: "successor" or "substitute" or "provider of relief"; "O sublime" 655

'''Sullivan, Mr.''' 
162;

'''Sumptuary Laws''' 
148; 

'''SURFACE''': 
313; 321; 390; 419

'''surveying''' 
460-61

'''Sutton Pool''' 
50;

'''Svånssen''' 
611-12

'''Sweet, Mr.''' 
454; on M&D crew

'''Swifts''' 
202; "glide like" 516

'''Swivett, Mr.''' 
192; in The George

'''Sybil''' 
591

'''Syncope''' 
8; (1) the loss of one or more letters in the interior of a word (as in ''scarr'd''); (2) faintness due to temporary loss of oxygen to the brain

<div id="szabo"></div>'''Szabo, Zsuzsa''' 
535; Hungarian for "Susan Taylor"; "operator of the automatick Battle of Leuthen" on M&D crew; 551

<div id="szeged"></div>'''Szeged, Truce of''' 
A ten-year truce between the Hungarians and Turks
in which Turkish Sultan Murad agreed not to cross the Danube River. Szeged,
city in southern Hungary, in Csongrad County, at the confluence of the Maros
and the Tisza rivers. Szeged's industries produce chemicals, rubber, glass,
furniture, and textiles, and carry on an extensive trade in paprika, wood,
corn, and wool. It is the site of the University of Szeged, formerly Jozsef Attila University (1921), which includes the Szeged University of Medicine (1872), and landmarks include the remains of a 13th-century tower and a large, two-spired cathedral. Szeged was a trade center and military stronghold for the Arpad kings, who ruled Hungary from 1000 or 1001 until the early 14th century. The city was under Turkish rule from 1542 to 1686. It was partly destroyed by a flood in 1879 and later rebuilt; 591; 594

==References==
<references/>

{{MD Alpha Nav}}

Chapter 7: 58-76

2007-06-14T14:42:47Z

Ya: /* Page 69 */

==Page 58==

'''sepia-shadow'd''' 
sepia: NOUN: 1a. A dark brown ink or pigment originally prepared from the secretion of the cuttlefish. b. A drawing or picture done in this pigment. c. A photograph in a brown tint. 2. A dark grayish yellow brown to dark or moderate olive brown.
ADJECTIVE: 1. Of the color sepia. 2. Done or made in sepia. 
Orwell uses this phrase about street shadows--like tea-- in Keep the Aspidistra Flying.

'''Herren XVII''' 
Modern Dutch spelling "de Heeren XVII," the 17 Lords, board of governors of the V.O.C. 
When the Herren XVII ordered the Cape government in 1717 to stop granting land in freehold ... heard by the Herren XVII—who ruled in their favor in 1706, ...

'''Eighteenth Lord... never be acknowledg'd''' 
Here is what Pynchon may be meaning, as I piece it together. An expert on Holland or The East India Company can correct this. The Dutch East India Company really ran Holland at this time, until 1815 when the British took it back. So, the Eighteenth Lord who was Lord of Holland, had no power, no acknowledged existence. The Eighteenth Lord was: 
Lord Forbes is a title in the Peerage of Scotland. It was created in circa 1444 for Alexander Forbes, feudal Baron of Forbes... His [descendant], the eighteenth Lord, fought at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. Wikipedia 
 
Okay, so the DEIC never "ran Holland." The British never "took Holland back in 1815, that is when the United Kingdom of the Netherlands took Halland back from Napolean. Since the book is taking place in the 1760s it is unlikely that "The eighteenth lord" refers to anyone in the future. This is not a time-travel novel.

'''V.O.C.''' 
Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie, the Dutch East India Company.

==Page 59==

'''Slaves''' 
Pynchon appears to have cast around for a politically correct subtheme for the Capetown episodes, and picked slavery for want of anything more Pynchonian He picks slavery because it is the underbelly of the enlightenment. It is the centeral rift that forms along the Mason-Dixon Line, and it is the paradox of America, i.e. libery for some. What could be more Pynchonian than that?

'''set against''' 
Imperialist strategy of divide-and-conquer.

==Page 60==

'''Droster''' 
drosters' - runaways from service contracts. South African usage.

'''Vroom''' 
[http://onelook.com/?w=vroo*&ls=a vroo*]

'''Jethro's Tent''' 
Biblical:Jethro was a Midean priest into whose tent entered Moses, where he met his future wife, Zippora.

'''Nimrods''' 
Biblical: Son of Cush, a founder of Babylon. A hunter. Informal. A person regarded as silly, foolish, or stupid.

==Page 61==

'''Fascination''' 
Pynchon needed a personality-contrast between M and D, and chose (arbitarily?) to make M melancholy but charismatic (cf Byron?) and Dixon the opposite. It's hard to see from TRP's descriptions what women see in M. 
The Journal of Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon is full of passages where Mason's normally scientific writtings give way to poetic and gothic images of ghosts and devils. In the Journals he frequents massacre sites.

'''Portable Soup... Slabs''' 
An extremely reduced meat stock (not freeze-dried, just boiled down and then dried) in cakes or slabs. Heat in a pan of water and you have soup. Most users regarded it as a necessity rather than a pleasure.

'''Darlington Market''' 
In Darlington , County Durham. Still a good market today--21st Century-- says an online British guidebook.

==Page 62==

'''Kezia''' 
the name of Job's second daughter (42:14), born after prosperity had returned to him. Also Cassia.

'''Kerenhappuch''' 
(the horn of beauty ), the youngest of the daughters of Job, born to him during the period of his reviving prosperity. (Job 42:14)
Source: Smith's Bible Dictionary

==Page 63==

'''Imp from Hell''' 
Cf. Imp allusions and Poe story cited. Three uses so far in M & D. Here Eels impulsiveness is an apt allusion to impishness, overstated as in speech.

'''Rattle-Watch''' 
the rattle watch, appointed at the request of the burghers to relieve them of night-watch duty. 
"First, the said rattle watch shall be held to appear at the burghers' guard house after the ringing of the nine o'clock bell and together at ten o'clock shall begin making their rounds, giving notice of their presence in all the streets of the village by sounding their rattle and calling [out the hour], and this every hour of the night, until 4 o'clock in the morning. From an Orange County decree, 1859 online.

'''English Tea-Pot''' 
Free associating, Mason to English to English tea to teapot? 
"I'm a little tea-pot, short and stout" allusion? Old song.

==Page 64==

'''Vrou''' 
Dutch: lady, woman, wife. Vroom Vroom!

'''cackling''' 
# To make the shrill cry characteristic of a hen after laying an egg.
# To laugh or talk in a shrill manner.
Often said of "witches".

'''fatally but not yet mortally''' 
fatally: with fatal consequences or implications; "he was fatally ill
equipped for the climb" 
mortally: fatal 'unto death"--to an extreme. ''American Heritage Dictionary''

Is the economics behind slavery what TRP is getting at here through Austra?

==Page 65==

'''''Dagga''''' 
A drug. It consists of dry khaki-green leaves, twigs and pips. It is usually sold to the public in the form of a "stoo" (dagga rolled into a small packet) or a cigarette called a zol, stick, reefer, skyf or joint. It smells and looks quite different from a tobacco cigarette. It is estimated that the drug dagga has been with us since 1 000 BC.

==Page 66==

'''dorsal 'Scape''' 
Dorsal landscape = shapely rear end.

'''five Sprites''' 
The women?

'''Asian parlor-game''' 
see [[Chapter_18:_183-189#farces|four-door farces, p. 184]] and [[Chapter_18:_183-189#parlour|Parlour Game, p. 184]]

==Page 67==

'''Indifference-Draught''' 
Traditionally saltpetre. Mason wants a drug to reduce his libido.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anaphrodisiac Anaphrodisiac]

==Page 68==

'''the wrongs committed daily...invisible, yet possessing mass and velocity''' 
Cf. gravity in GR and mass in ATD. Very Pychonesque motif and phrasing here.

'''need to keep the Ghost propitiated''' 
see the ghosts and major dark spirit in ATD.

'''keep to the margins''' 
Dixon stays where Pynchon's valued characters live. See "Low-Lands" and passim in other works. This paragraph is so fine in expressing a kind
of place beyond all the ways of being mapped, known, predicted, so to speak. Off the grid, so to speak. Where some anarchists argue we should strive to be. Another deep Pynchon theme.

==Page 69==

'''Velleity''' 
NOUN: Inflected forms: pl. vel·le·i·ties
1. Volition at its lowest level. 2. A mere wish or inclination.
ETYMOLOGY: New Latin velleits, from Latin velle, to wish. American heritage Dictionary

'''Rix-Dollar''' 
Reichsdollar, a Dutch coin.

German ''Reichsthaler,'' Dutch ''Rijksdaalder''; current throughout the European colonies.

'''Dutch Company which is ev'rywhere & ev'rything''' 
East India Company pervades as "[the Deists']God?"--Dixon 

'''Late Blow''' 
Mason suggests Dixon threw an illegal punch with that last metaphor comparing the East India Company with God.

'''Butter-Bag Castle''' 
Butter-Bag was slang for a Dutchman.

==Page 70==

'''''karis''''' 
The word was later adapted into English as ''curries.'''

'''Senoi''' 
This tribe is/was real, although I did not think they were known about until the later age of anthropological study. They did share dreams and conquered their fears this way. If a child had a dream of falling, say, when shared with all, the adults would tell him to just fly next time--and he would. Their dream life was incorporates into their whole life and they were a happy, contented people. Researching.

==Page 71==

'''Routs''' 
See especially in this context, with ridottoes, definition #5--a fashionable gathering...with other attendant resonances of meaning. 
rout (rout) 
n. 1A)A disorderly retreat or flight following defeat. 
1B)An overwhelming defeat. 

2A) A disorderly crowd of people; a mob. 
2B) People of the lowest class; rabble. 
3) A public disturbance; a riot. 
4) A company, as of knights or wolves, that are in movement. See synonyms at flock 1. 
5) A fashionable gathering. 
tr.v., rout·ed, rout·ing, routs. 

'''Ridottoes''' 
The ridotto was a space behind the theatres, much like a foyer, where visitors of all layers of society mingled and engaged in discussion, gambling, or other spirited forms of entertainment. Most visitors wore masks. It was the famous black and white bauta which made recognition virtually impossible. Started in Venice. 
In all of the approximately 20 ridotti of Venice, gambling was the main activity. Young aristocrats sold their military duty to poor souls in need of money. Servants, poets, flower girls, singers, merchants, foreign visitors, and dignitaries all passed through the ridotto. Casanova praised the beautiful women, playwright Goldoni found willing listeners to his fantastic stories in the ridotto. The painters Longhi, Guardi, and Tiepolo all found inspiration in the dark-lit establishments.

==Page 72==

'''Blight''' 
A direct address use of this verb as a noun to describe Dixon ruining [blighting] Mason's fantasies with common-sense.

'''''terre mauvais''''' 
badlands. GR: terre mauvais: "badlands" 87

==Page 73==
'''Spanish Inquisitors''' 
equated with [all] 'Authorities'!

'''two Punches in a Droll-booth''' 
As in Punch-and-Judy slapstick puppets.

'''Jesuits... Invisible College''' 
philosophical riff on whether M & D are "free" or controlled by others, Jesuits, Dixon and the Invisible College, Mason. 
The Invisible College was a precursor to the Royal Society of United Kingdom. It consisted of a group of scientists including Robert Boyle, John Wilkins, John Wallis, John Evelyn, Robert Hooke, Christopher Wren and William Petty. In letters in 1646 and 1647, Boyle refers to "our invisible college" or "our philosophical college". The society's common theme was to acquire knowledge through experimental investigation.[1]

The idea of an invisible college became influential in seventeenth century Europe, in particular, in the form of a network of savants or intellectuals exchanging ideas (by post, as it would have been understood at the time). The invisible college idea is exemplified by the network of astronomers, professors, mathematicians, and natural philosophers in 16th century Europe. Men such as Johannes Kepler, Georg Joachim Rheticus, John Dee and Tycho Brahe passed information and ideas to each other in an invisible college. One of the most common methods used to communicate was through annotations written in personal copies of books that were loaned, given, or sold from person to person.

'''''Nervus Probandi''''' 
nervus probandi (L): the crux of the argument; the most conclusive and decisive proof

'''Mr. Peach''' 
Spoiler Alert: Husband of the Susannah Peach who Mason fantasizes over?

'''Spotted Cubes''' 
Dice.

'''Sector Wallah''' 
"Wallah," in British India, a specialist or tradesman. Sector Wallah, the person in charge of the Sector.

==Page 74==

'''Stuffata''' 
whole onions and meat as a stew. Also "stifado." However, see OED 1688 "stuffado" and 1771 "stuffata." Also stufata. The latter two are probably Italian. This dish is Greek.

'''dating back to Walpole''' 
Sir Robert Walpole, who held the influential office of First Lord of the Treasury.4 April 1721 – 11 February 1742.
Previous holders of the post had often been important figures in government, but not to such a degree as Walpole. His influence grew even stronger because the King, George I, was not active in English politics, preferring to concentrate on his native Hanover. Walpole is generally regarded as the first Prime Minister, not just because of his influence in Government, but because he could persuade (or force) his colleagues in the Cabinet to act in a harmonious and unified fashion, instead of intriguing against each other for more power. Walpole's office, First Lord of the Treasury, became strongly associated with the leadership of the Government; it became the position which the Prime Minister almost always held.

Though Walpole is considered the first "Prime Minister," ...the powers of the monarch were slowly diminished, and those of the Prime Minister gradually increased, over the course of the following years.

'''Clive''' 
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Clive,_1st_Baron_Clive Clive of India.]

'''Maskelyne''' 
Reverend Dr Nevil Maskelyne. Astronomer, Lunarian, enemy of John Harrison, 5th Astronomer Royal.

'''Robert Waddington''' 
from an old established English family. 27 M iv. Robert Waddington was born in 1743. Waddington genealogy online.

'''Bleak''' 
Bleak \Bleak\, n. [From Bleak, a., cf. Blay.] (Zo["o]l.) 
A small European river fish (Leuciscus alburnus), of the
family Cyprinid[ae]; the blay. [Written also blick.] Source: Webster's unabridged Dictionary 1913.

'''if Beetles be your Passion, why the Beetle Variety there!''' 
Anachronistic allusion to Charles Darwin and a famous remark about evolution? For years, after dropping out of medical school, Darwin had a passion for collecting beetles. 
And, "the contemplation of nature can give rise to some curious reflexions. There is a famous (possibly apocryphal) story about the great biologist J.B.S. Haldane.[20th Century] At a major British public occasion, Haldane was sitting next to an Anglican bishop, who asked him what biology had shown him about the designs and predilections of the Creator. Haldane is supposed to have replied "An inordinate fondness for beetles."

'''Piggotts... A long stare''' 
Piggotts were evidently a British family with members into astronomy. Later, the Victorian age, the family seemed to found a lighting company.
Piggotts have been providing Christmas Illuminations since the Victorian Age. We provide a range of modern innovative schemes: across the street' designs, building fasciae, lamp columns and themed displays. We also provide striking mall illuminations to a diverse range of customers and individuals. Piggotts service includes the design, manufacture, installation, maintenance, refurbishment and storage of your scheme.

==Page 75==

'''Bodkin''' 
medieval type of arrowhead designed to shoot through protective chain mail usually worn by Knights.

'''History is the Dance of our Hunt for Christ''' 
Nice.

==Annotation Index==

{{MD PbP}}

Chapter 18: 183-189

2007-06-10T16:18:43Z

Ya:

==Page 183==

'''Ploughman's Lunch''' 
A ploughman's lunch is a cold snack or meal, comprising at a minimum a thick piece of cheese (usually Cheddar, Stilton, or other local cheese), pickle (often Branston Pickle, sometimes piccalilli and/or pickled onions), crusty bap or chunk of bread, and butter.
It is often accompanied by a green salad; other common additions are half an apple, celery, pâté, sliced hard-cooked egg or beetroot.
It is a common menu item in English pubs, often shortened when ordering to 'a ploughman's.'
The familiarity of the ploughman's lunch has led catering companies to describe a sandwich containing Cheddar, pickle and salad as a 'ploughman's sandwich.'
The authentic ploughman's lunch consisted of stale bread or a crusty loaf, and an English Cheddar or Stilton, and some variety of pickle. An apple would be included with the lunch to take away the spicy taste of the pickle and to provide a sweet finish, perhaps to be complemented by cider. Ideally, the apple would be of the same variety as that the cider was made from.

'''Staindrop''' 
Staindrop is an attractive village near Raby Castle, former stronghold of the Nevills, and has always been associated with the Lords of Raby.

'''devoirs''' 
expressions of respect: expressions or acts of courtesy and respect

'''Rockingham Whigs''' 
After a decade of factional chaos,.., a new system emerged, with two separate opposition groups. The Rockingham Whigs claimed the mantle of "Old Whigs," as the purported successors of the party of the Pelhams and the great Whig families. With such noted intellectuals as Edmund Burke behind them, the Rockingham Whigs laid out a philosophy which for the first time extolled the virtues of faction, or at least their faction. Wikipedia '''[Please do linking for a Wikipedia reference -- not enough linking! Thanks.]'''

==Page 184==

'''Cock Lane Ghost'''

'''[This is *way* too long for an annotation entry. Please begin the info here and then create an article and a link to it. You can have the full article. Thanks.]'''

Adjacent to London's Smithfield market and only a few minutes' walk from St Paul's Cathedral, is a short alleyway known as Cock Lane. The tall buildings and narrowness of this road give it a dark, foreboding presence and help to retain a sense of its origins as a medieval red-light district. It was this environment that, in January 1762, gave rise to an extraordinary scandal that engulfed all London. 
The legitimacy of the hauntings is fiercly disputed to this day.

At the centre of the story is William Kent, a young man from Norfolk who managed to impregnate two daughters from the same wealthy family. The first, Elizabeth Lynes, he married, but she died in childbirth; a few months later, William eloped to London with his dead wife's sister, Fanny Lynes. Here William and Fanny lodged in Cock Lane at the house of a clerk named Richard Parsons. Fanny soon died, supposedly of smallpox and William found that he had made an enemy of both her family and Mr Parsons, whom he had sued for a debt.

However, the rivalry was only about to get deeper. The Parsons claimed to have been awoken by knocking and scratching in the night, and they could not find a tangible logical source for the knocking or scratching. Then, as further mysterious event occurred, they (according to the Parsons) summoned the courage to begin communicating with the ghost using Yes/No questions and a system of knocking for the answer (once for yes, two for no, or vice-versa, the accounts contradict themselves to an extent) and thus supposedly determined that they were communicating with the ghost of Fanny Lynes, who claimed that she died not of smallpox, as her husband claimed, but of arsenic poisoning in a premeditated murder by her husband, William Kent.

The Parsons soon gained the support of a few people, including a doctor and a priest, who worked to spread the word of the supposed haunting.

Londoners loved nothing more than a good sex and murder scandal and within days the Cock Lane ghost was headline news. Hundreds of people came to Cock Lane to listen to the ghost knock out its messages against William Kent. Events moved from the strange to the bizarre, with the fledgling Methodist movement – one of whose supporters heavily promoted the ghost – being dragged into the scandal. This further convinced Londoners of its reality and led to calls for William Kent to be hanged. The London authorities (including the Lord Mayor) dithered over the issue, creating a volatile atmosphere.

Eventually William Kent's cause was adopted by a group of "learned" people which included Samuel Johnson, Horace Walpole and Oliver Goldsmith. They suspected that Richard Parsons was using his eleven-year-old daughter Betty to create the ghost and so got the Lord Mayor's permission to put her through a series of tests.

The "tests" used by these "learned" people left much to be desired. Even those who today deny the ghost's legitimacy admit that the committee acted very irrationally and unjustly.

The Committee refused to accept any possibility, no matter how seemingly strange, that the hauntings were legit and that anybody but the Parsons were guilty of it.

The first "test" composed of having a maid sleep with Betty in such a fashion that the maid bound Betty tightly to herself using her arms and legs. The knockings continued that night. The next night they bound Betty with chains as she slept. There was no knocking that night.

Thus the committee decided that Betty had to be responsible and that she had managed to slip out of maid's tight hold without rousing her and continue knocking.

However, the last "test" is agreed by all to have been unbelievably unfair and unjust. The Committee members discreetly drilled a peephole into Betty's door and then informed her that if there was no knocking that night, her entire family would be arrested and severely punished. They left her unbound. During the night the sentries at the peephole saw Betty get up and create the knocking.

The main point of debate is what motivated Betty to create the knocking that night. Those denying the existence of the ghost claim she had done it all along, and those supporting the legitimacy of the hauntings claim that she was scared for her family and what the Committee would do if there was no knocking, and thus did the only thing she could to insure that there was knocking that night: by doing it herself.

However, both sides agree about what happened next. Thus, the entire family was arrested anyway.

In July 1762 the main Pro-Parsonists (including Richard Parsons, his wife, several neighbours, a priest and a newspaper editor) were brought before the King's Bench and given lengthy prison terms and/or large fines. Richard Parsons went down for five years and was sentenced to stand at the pillory three times: on each occasion the crowd did not throw rotten fruit but instead handed him a substantial sum of money.

The story of the Cock Lane ghost became a national legend that was told to frighten children as well as being a cautionary tale. Charles Dickens alludes to it several times as do several other Victorian authors. The tale's popularity began to wane in the early twentieth century when it was superseded by some of the more spectacular supernatural stories coming out of the Spiritualist movement.

One of the more important and highly-debated points on the legitimacy of the Cock Lane Ghost happened almost a centuary after the sentences were levied against the Parsonists. In the Mid 1800s, searchers discovered the body of whom it is widely believed is Fanny Lynes. There was no sign of the Smallpox on the body, that her husband William Kent claimed she died of. However, her face was almost perfectly preserved, a defining feature on the corpses of those who died through arsenic overdose/poisoning, which was the method the Parsons said the supposed ghost claimed she had been murdered by William Kent.

Despite evidence pointing both to Parsonist innocence and Kent's guilt and to Parsonist guilt and Kent's innocence, it is impossible as of this time to determine which side is true. Wikipedia 2006

'''Garrick, David (1717-79)''' 
British actor; Garrick and [w.html#woffington">Woffington</a> were amorously linked and lived together from 1742-45. Apparently Woffington never married and the "Mrs." was more along the lines of an honorary title. Although Garrick married in 1749 and remained so until his death there seems some evidence that he retained an attachment to Woffington (e.g. he wore the shoe buckles she gave him until his death). He was also author of the play, Florizel and Perdita, "A Dramatic Pastoral, in Three Acts."; Garrick was also a pupil of Dr. Samuel Johnson and a member of his literary club, along with James Boswell and others. Garrick Quotes; 405

'''bum-boat''' 
bumboat ( ) n. A small boat used to peddle provisions to ships anchored offshore. [Probably partial translation of Low German bumboot , ship's boat]

==Page 185==
'''Pope Joan''' 
Pope Joan is the name of a female pope who supposedly reigned for less than two years in the 850s,[1] based on a legend that circulated in the Middle Ages.[citation needed] Pope Joan is regarded by most modern historians and religion scholars as fictitious, possibly originating as an anti-papal satire, but her existence is still debated. Wikipedia

'''Piquet''' 
Piquet is a card game for two players, using a shortened pack of 32 cards which omits 2 to 6 in each suit. In ascending order, the cards rank 7, 8, 9, 10, J, Q, K, A (high). A number of French terms are traditionally used for various features of the game and these are included below. 
A game consists of a set of 6 deals called a partie, with the deal alternating. Each player is dealt 12 cards, with 8 left as a talon. A deal consists of three parts: discarding a number of cards and replacing them from the talon to try to improve the hand, declaring various features in the hand, and then playing the cards in tricks. 
Piquet is a very old game. It was well established by 1650 with similar rules to the present ones (it differed in using a 36 card pack with a 12 card talon, elder hand being allowed to change 7 cards, and a partie was ended by the first to reach 100, a variant still sometimes played). It was mentioned by Rabelais in 1535 although whether this was the same game is unclear. It has retained its popularity to the present day as one of the best and most skilful card games for two players. The rules described are those published by Cavendish in 1882.

<div id="parlour"></div>'''Parlour Game''' 
A parlour game is a group game played indoors. During the Victorian era in Great Britain and in the USA, these games were extremely popular among the upper and middle classes. They were often played in a parlour, hence the name. 
There are a variety of historic Parlour Games and Pynchon here seems to be defining this one in the subsequent lines. But one old possibly relevant version for M & D was called Consequences: Consequences is an old parlour game similar to the surrealist game exquisite corpse or Mad Libs.[1]

Each person takes a turn choosing a word for one of six questions, in this order.

:Man's name 
:Woman's name 
:Place name 
:A comment 
:Another comment 
:An outcome

Then the story is read: #1 met #2 at #3, and he said #4, she said #5, and the consequence was #6. In some versions of the game the man gets to reply to the woman, thus the consequence moves to #7. Another version includes 'the world said' at #7, which is meant to represent the response of the public to the consequence.

<div id="farces"></div>'''four-door Farces?''' 
This exact phrase is repeated in Against the Day. P. 567 "four-door farce". One of the recurring physical jokes in such plays involves sets with many doors and people coming in and out, just missing each other. A French writer,
George Feydeau, was famous for writing them at the time of ATD, which makes the possible pun on his last name--Feydeau, four-door--anachronous
in M & D but still resonant, perhaps. See a modern example, Peter Bogdanovich's What's Up Doc?, the movie.

'''Some of us are Outlaws, and some Trespassers upon the very world''' 
Pynchonian thematic....of course, Trespassers are part of the plot of ''Against The Day''.

==Page 186==
'''Morning Tussah''' 
tus·sah (tŭs'ə, tŭs'ô') also tus·sore (tŭs'ôr', -ōr')
n.
An Asian silkworm, the larva of a large saturniid moth (Antheraea paphia), that produces a coarse brownish or yellowish silk.
The silk produced by this worm or a fabric woven from it.
[Hindi tasar, from Sanskrit tasaram, shuttle (probably from the shape of its cocoon).]

==Page 187==
'''buzz-men''' 
slang for pickpockets

'''Prie-Dieux''' 
custom-built Church kneelers

'''quotinoctian''' 
occurring every night