Thomas Pynchon Wiki - User contributions [en]

Chapter 21: 207-214

2007-07-08T20:30:37Z

Incandenza: New page: ==Page 210== '''Pillion''' A pillion is a secondary pad, cushion, or seat behind the main seat or saddle on a horse, motorcycle, or moped. A passenger in this seat is said to "ride pil...

==Page 210==
'''Pillion''' 
A pillion is a secondary pad, cushion, or seat behind the main seat or saddle on a horse, motorcycle, or moped. A passenger in this seat is said to "ride pillion" or may themselves be referred to as a "pillion."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pillion

Chapter 20: 199-206

2007-07-08T18:45:47Z

Incandenza: /* Page 199 */

==Page 199==
'''pongee gown''' 
Embroidered white silk pongee gown with sweetheart neckline, trimmed at neckline with tulle ruffle matching the deep tulle flounce of the skirt

'''Sally Lunn''' 
Sally Lunn's is the oldest house in Bath.It's famous for the Sally Lunn bun (served here since 1680).Sally Lunn. Lunn, Sally (supp. fl. 1680x1800), supposed baker.

==Page 201==
'''Mr. Harrison's Watch''' 
John Harrison (March 24, 1693–March 24, 1776) was an English clockmaker who revolutionized and extended the possibility of safe long distance sea travel in the Age of Sail by inventing a long-sought and critically-needed key piece in the problem of accurately establishing the East-West position, or longitude, of a ship at sea. The problem was so intractable that the English Parliament offered a huge fortune for the day (£20,000, roughly £6 million in 2007 terms),[1] for a solution.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Harrison

Chapter 19: 190-198

2007-07-08T18:17:44Z

Incandenza: /* Page 195 */

==Page 190==
'''Roman Whore's Time''' 
English epithet for the Catholic Church, the religion of the hated French; the adoption of "Roman Whore's Time" was Protestant England's long-delayed adoption of Pope Gregory XIII's reform (1582) of the Julian calendar which resulted in the loss of eleven days.

==Page 192==
'''Time, ye see", says the Landlord "is the money of Science".
Cf. thematically, Time, science in Against the Day.

==Page 193==
'''Shirburn Castle''' 
The moated, sometime home of the Earls of Macclesfield. It is pictured on the 1797 penny token from the Globe Series issued by Peter Skidmore.

'''Leek, Staffordshire''' 
A busy market town in the Moorlands..Staffordshire is known
as the Queen of the Moorlands

==Page 194==
'''Mathesis''' 
Ma·the·sis n. Learning; especially, mathematics

'''Time must be denied its freedom to elapse''' 
again, ATD must be referenced thematically.

==Page 195==
'''Stepney''' 
Joke on 'far, far east": Stepney is an inner-city district in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets. It is located 3.6 miles (5.8 km) east north-east of Charing Cross and forms part of the East End of London.

'''quite another relation to Time....not...the terror of time's passage''' 
ATD again, and again.

'''Try and be more specific with all of the Against the Day references here. Explain the connections rather than just typing in "ATD" anytime Pynchon uses the word "day"'''

==Page 196==
'''Black Hole 
of Calcutta, main meaning. See Wikipedia. But black holes, as discovered
and named by astronomers in the 20th Century, are collapsed stars where
light can not even escape because of the pull of gravity (!). Time changes, astronomers say, inside black holes. Resonance with the discussion of the loss of eleven days going on in the text here.

'''the Hoogli''' 
Hoogli River, a distributary of the Ganges River, both in India.

==Page 197==
'''Albedo''' 
n. , pl. -dos . The fraction of incident electromagnetic radiation reflected by a surface, especially of a celestial body.

==Page 198==
'''the Defenestration of the Clothiers in 1956''' 
Clothiers were recorded in 1685, 1689, 1692, 1712, and 1756 and the trade apparently ceased towards the end of the 18th century.- Economic History of England

Chapter 18: 183-189

2007-07-06T01:46:55Z

Incandenza: /* Page 184 */

==Page 183==

'''Ploughman's Lunch''' 
A ploughman's lunch is a cold snack or meal, comprising at a minimum a thick piece of cheese (usually Cheddar, Stilton, or other local cheese), pickle (often Branston Pickle, sometimes piccalilli and/or pickled onions), crusty bap or chunk of bread, and butter.
It is often accompanied by a green salad; other common additions are half an apple, celery, pâté, sliced hard-cooked egg or beetroot.
It is a common menu item in English pubs, often shortened when ordering to 'a ploughman's.'
The familiarity of the ploughman's lunch has led catering companies to describe a sandwich containing Cheddar, pickle and salad as a 'ploughman's sandwich.'
The authentic ploughman's lunch consisted of stale bread or a crusty loaf, and an English Cheddar or Stilton, and some variety of pickle. An apple would be included with the lunch to take away the spicy taste of the pickle and to provide a sweet finish, perhaps to be complemented by cider. Ideally, the apple would be of the same variety as that the cider was made from.

Much doubt has been cast on the authenticity of the ploughman's lunch, not least by the 1983 film of that name starring Jonathan Pryce (scripted by Ian McEwan) in which it is claimed that the ploughman's was the invention of an advertising company in the 1950s that was trying to boost the habit of buying meals in British pubs.
The question is: did the ploughman's exist (albeit without that name) before the ad agency, or was it all a fiction that drew on the other fiction of Merrie England? Just the sort of postmodern conundrum you can rely on Pynchon to serve up.

Fascinating, and we know Pynchon and McEwan are friends. (TRP borrowed at least one book from him once, ''The Heavenly City of the Eighteenth-Century Philosophers'', a book which surely TRP read while composing ''Mason & Dixon''). Here's wikipedia on the phrase--goes back to Sir Walter Scott--- and the history/controversy. The Oxford English Dictionary dates this phrase back to at least 1837, in the book ''Memoirs of the life of Sir Walter Scott'' by John G. Lockhart; but this stray early use may have meant merely the sum of its parts, "a lunch for a ploughman". 
Until recently, the OED's next citation was only from 1970, indicating a long period of time when the meal was virtually unknown in its native land. It is this long disuse and recent rediscovery that has led some people, such as the writer Ian McEwan (in his film ''The Ploughman's Lunch''), to portray the dish as being a recent invention dressed up as a traditional meal.

'''Staindrop''' 
Staindrop is an attractive village near Raby Castle, former stronghold of the Nevills, and has always been associated with the Lords of Raby.

'''devoirs''' 
expressions of respect: expressions or acts of courtesy and respect

'''Rockingham Whigs''' 
After a decade of factional chaos,.., a new system emerged, with two separate opposition groups. The Rockingham Whigs claimed the mantle of "Old Whigs," as the purported successors of the party of the Pelhams and the great Whig families. With such noted intellectuals as Edmund Burke behind them, the Rockingham Whigs laid out a philosophy which for the first time extolled the virtues of faction, or at least their faction. Wikipedia '''[Please do linking for a Wikipedia reference -- not enough linking! Thanks.]'''

==Page 184==

'''Cock Lane Ghost''' 
The story of the Cock Lane ghost attracted mass public attention in eighteenth-century England. Cock Lane is a short alleyway adjacent to London's Smithfield market and only a few minutes' walk from St Paul's Cathedral. The tall buildings and narrowness of this road give it a dark, foreboding presence and help to retain a sense of its origins as a medieval red-light district. In the eighteenth century this district housed London's working poor. It was this environment that, in January 1762, gave rise to an extraordinary scandal that engulfed all London.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cock_Lane_Ghost

'''Garrick, David (1717-79)''' 
British actor; Garrick and [w.html#woffington">Woffington</a> were amorously linked and lived together from 1742-45. Apparently Woffington never married and the "Mrs." was more along the lines of an honorary title. Although Garrick married in 1749 and remained so until his death there seems some evidence that he retained an attachment to Woffington (e.g. he wore the shoe buckles she gave him until his death). He was also author of the play, Florizel and Perdita, "A Dramatic Pastoral, in Three Acts."; Garrick was also a pupil of Dr. Samuel Johnson and a member of his literary club, along with James Boswell and others. Garrick Quotes; 405

'''bum-boat''' 
bumboat ( ) n. A small boat used to peddle provisions to ships anchored offshore. [Probably partial translation of Low German bumboot , ship's boat]

==Page 185==
'''Pope Joan''' 
Pope Joan is the name of a female pope who supposedly reigned for less than two years in the 850s,[1] based on a legend that circulated in the Middle Ages.[citation needed] Pope Joan is regarded by most modern historians and religion scholars as fictitious, possibly originating as an anti-papal satire, but her existence is still debated. Wikipedia

'''Piquet''' 
Piquet is a card game for two players, using a shortened pack of 32 cards which omits 2 to 6 in each suit. In ascending order, the cards rank 7, 8, 9, 10, J, Q, K, A (high). A number of French terms are traditionally used for various features of the game and these are included below. 
A game consists of a set of 6 deals called a partie, with the deal alternating. Each player is dealt 12 cards, with 8 left as a talon. A deal consists of three parts: discarding a number of cards and replacing them from the talon to try to improve the hand, declaring various features in the hand, and then playing the cards in tricks. 
Piquet is a very old game. It was well established by 1650 with similar rules to the present ones (it differed in using a 36 card pack with a 12 card talon, elder hand being allowed to change 7 cards, and a partie was ended by the first to reach 100, a variant still sometimes played). It was mentioned by Rabelais in 1535 although whether this was the same game is unclear. It has retained its popularity to the present day as one of the best and most skilful card games for two players. The rules described are those published by Cavendish in 1882.

<div id="parlour"></div>'''Parlour Game''' 
A parlour game is a group game played indoors. During the Victorian era in Great Britain and in the USA, these games were extremely popular among the upper and middle classes. They were often played in a parlour, hence the name. 
There are a variety of historic Parlour Games and Pynchon here seems to be defining this one in the subsequent lines. But one old possibly relevant version for M & D was called Consequences: Consequences is an old parlour game similar to the surrealist game exquisite corpse or Mad Libs.[1]

Each person takes a turn choosing a word for one of six questions, in this order.

:Man's name 
:Woman's name 
:Place name 
:A comment 
:Another comment 
:An outcome

Then the story is read: #1 met #2 at #3, and he said #4, she said #5, and the consequence was #6. In some versions of the game the man gets to reply to the woman, thus the consequence moves to #7. Another version includes 'the world said' at #7, which is meant to represent the response of the public to the consequence.

<div id="farces"></div>'''four-door Farces?''' 
This exact phrase is repeated in Against the Day. P. 567 "four-door farce". One of the recurring physical jokes in such plays involves sets with many doors and people coming in and out, just missing each other. A French writer,
George Feydeau, was famous for writing them at the time of ATD, which makes the possible pun on his last name--Feydeau, four-door--anachronous
in M & D but still resonant, perhaps. See a modern example, Peter Bogdanovich's What's Up Doc?, the movie.

'''Some of us are Outlaws, and some Trespassers upon the very world''' 
Pynchonian thematic....of course, Trespassers are part of the plot of ''Against The Day''.

==Page 186==
'''Morning Tussah''' 
tus·sah (tŭs'ə, tŭs'ô') also tus·sore (tŭs'ôr', -ōr')
n.
An Asian silkworm, the larva of a large saturniid moth (Antheraea paphia), that produces a coarse brownish or yellowish silk.
The silk produced by this worm or a fabric woven from it.
[Hindi tasar, from Sanskrit tasaram, shuttle (probably from the shape of its cocoon).]

==Page 187==
'''buzz-men''' 
slang for pickpockets

'''Prie-Dieux''' 
custom-built Church kneelers

'''quotinoctian''' 
occurring every night

Chapter 18: 183-189

2007-07-06T01:46:18Z

Incandenza: /* Page 184 */

Chapter 17: 175-182

2007-07-06T01:27:25Z

Incandenza: /* Page 180 */

==Page 175==
'''Jenkins Ear Museum''' 
'''War of 39''' 
War of Jenkins' Ear
1739-1743

'''Pistole''' 
pis·tole (pĭ-stōl')N.Pistole is the French name given to a Spanish gold coin in use from 1537; it was a double escudo, the gold unit. The name was also given to the Louis d'Or of Louis XIII of France, and to other European gold coins of about the value of the Spanish coin. One pistole was worth approximately ten livres. Wikipedia

'''Cross-Ruff''' 
A crossruff is a play where tricks are made by taking alternate ruffs in each hand. In order to use a crossruff, each player in the partnership must have shortness in a non-trump suit, accompanied with appropriate length in the opposite hand. Also, each partner must be short in the suit that his partner is long in. It is preferable that both players have an equal number of cards in the trump suit, otherwise a regular ruff is usually more effective, as it has the added benefit of establishing the trump suit. Wikipedia

==Page 176==
'''Spaniard's Blade''' 
’Tis the sword of Cordova, won in bloodiest fray off Saint Vincent’s promontory, and presented by Nelson to the old capital of the much-loved land of his birth. Yes, the proud Spaniard’s sword is to be seen in yonder guildhouse, in the glass case affixed to the wall: many other relics has the good old town, but none prouder than the Spaniard’s sword.
? From Lavengo.

'''Chronoscope''' 
chronoscope
n. instrument measuring very small intervals of time; chronometer in which figures are seen through apertures in dial. chronoscopy, n.
© From the Hutchinson Encyclopaedia.
Helicon Publishing LTD 2007.

==Page 178==
'''The Ghastly Fop''' 
a title that sounds like an Edward Gorey homage but is a seemingly made up serial pornographic tale of the time.

'''Rix-Dollar''' 
The Nederlandse Rijksdaalder, known in the colonies as the "rix dollar," was actually a variety of different coins each averaging about 448 grains in weight of .885 fine silver. These coins were independently minted by individual cities or provinces in the United Netherlands and passed at a value of two and a half guilders (50 stuivers). Although not as widespread as Spanish silver or the lion dollar, the silver rider ducatoon and various rix dollars were certainly familiar in the colonies throughout the Seventeenth and into the early Eighteenth century. http://www.coins.nd.edu/ColCoin/ColCoinIntros/Rix-Dollar.intro.html

==Page 179==
'''Guarda-Costa''' 
Coast Guard. Commission of a Spanish Guarda Costa 16 April 1729
By Don Dionysio Martines de la Vega, Brigadier in His Majesty's army, His Governor and Captain General of this city of the Havanna, and island of cuba &c.

'''reclaiming of light''' 
ATD motif.

'''mutatis mutandis''' 
A direct translation from Latin of mutatis mutandis would read, 'with those things having been changed which need to be changed'. More colloquially, it can be interpreted as 'the necessary changes having been made,' where "the necessary changes" are usually implied by a prior statement assumed to be understood by the reader. Wikipedia

==Page 180==
'''brighter indeed than the Day allows''' 
The day, again, Cf. Against the Day.

'''uncoah''' 
Unco is Scots for unknown, strange or unusual
http://www.hyperarts.com/pynchon/mason-dixon/alpha/u.html

'''Wearside''' 
Sunderland (pronounced: /'sundələnd/, /'sʌndələnd/ or /'sun(d)lən/) is a former county borough now part of the City of Sunderland, in the county of Tyne and Wear in North East England.
The name "Sunderland" is reputed to come from Soender-land: "jacob-ariola"(soender/sunder being the Anglo-Saxon infinitive, meaning "to part"),[1] likely to be reference to the valley carved by the river Wear that runs through the heart of the city. Sunderland was also known as 'Sunderland-near-the-Sea'.[2]
A small fishing village called Sunderland, located toward the mouth of the river (modern day Hendon) was granted a charter in 1179. Over the centuries, Sunderland grew as a port, trading coal and salt. Ships began to be built on the river in the fourteenth century.
A person born in Sunderland is sometimes called a Mackem or a Wearsider.

==Page 181==
'''Frome''' 
The River Frome is a river in Somerset. It is not to be confused with other rivers in the south west of England with the same name.

Chapter 17: 175-182

2007-07-06T00:01:09Z

Incandenza: /* Page 179 */

==Page 175==
'''Jenkins Ear Museum''' 
'''War of 39''' 
War of Jenkins' Ear
1739-1743

'''Pistole''' 
pis·tole (pĭ-stōl')N.Pistole is the French name given to a Spanish gold coin in use from 1537; it was a double escudo, the gold unit. The name was also given to the Louis d'Or of Louis XIII of France, and to other European gold coins of about the value of the Spanish coin. One pistole was worth approximately ten livres. Wikipedia

'''Cross-Ruff''' 
A crossruff is a play where tricks are made by taking alternate ruffs in each hand. In order to use a crossruff, each player in the partnership must have shortness in a non-trump suit, accompanied with appropriate length in the opposite hand. Also, each partner must be short in the suit that his partner is long in. It is preferable that both players have an equal number of cards in the trump suit, otherwise a regular ruff is usually more effective, as it has the added benefit of establishing the trump suit. Wikipedia

==Page 176==
'''Spaniard's Blade''' 
’Tis the sword of Cordova, won in bloodiest fray off Saint Vincent’s promontory, and presented by Nelson to the old capital of the much-loved land of his birth. Yes, the proud Spaniard’s sword is to be seen in yonder guildhouse, in the glass case affixed to the wall: many other relics has the good old town, but none prouder than the Spaniard’s sword.
? From Lavengo.

'''Chronoscope''' 
chronoscope
n. instrument measuring very small intervals of time; chronometer in which figures are seen through apertures in dial. chronoscopy, n.
© From the Hutchinson Encyclopaedia.
Helicon Publishing LTD 2007.

==Page 178==
'''The Ghastly Fop''' 
a title that sounds like an Edward Gorey homage but is a seemingly made up serial pornographic tale of the time.

'''Rix-Dollar''' 
The Nederlandse Rijksdaalder, known in the colonies as the "rix dollar," was actually a variety of different coins each averaging about 448 grains in weight of .885 fine silver. These coins were independently minted by individual cities or provinces in the United Netherlands and passed at a value of two and a half guilders (50 stuivers). Although not as widespread as Spanish silver or the lion dollar, the silver rider ducatoon and various rix dollars were certainly familiar in the colonies throughout the Seventeenth and into the early Eighteenth century. http://www.coins.nd.edu/ColCoin/ColCoinIntros/Rix-Dollar.intro.html

==Page 179==
'''Guarda-Costa''' 
Coast Guard. Commission of a Spanish Guarda Costa 16 April 1729
By Don Dionysio Martines de la Vega, Brigadier in His Majesty's army, His Governor and Captain General of this city of the Havanna, and island of cuba &c.

'''reclaiming of light''' 
ATD motif.

'''mutatis mutandis''' 
A direct translation from Latin of mutatis mutandis would read, 'with those things having been changed which need to be changed'. More colloquially, it can be interpreted as 'the necessary changes having been made,' where "the necessary changes" are usually implied by a prior statement assumed to be understood by the reader. Wikipedia

==Page 180==
'''brighter indeed than the Day allows''' 
The day, again, Cf. Against the Day.

'''Wearside''' 
Sunderland (pronounced: /'sundələnd/, /'sʌndələnd/ or /'sun(d)lən/) is a former county borough now part of the City of Sunderland, in the county of Tyne and Wear in North East England.
The name "Sunderland" is reputed to come from Soender-land: "jacob-ariola"(soender/sunder being the Anglo-Saxon infinitive, meaning "to part"),[1] likely to be reference to the valley carved by the river Wear that runs through the heart of the city. Sunderland was also known as 'Sunderland-near-the-Sea'.[2]
A small fishing village called Sunderland, located toward the mouth of the river (modern day Hendon) was granted a charter in 1179. Over the centuries, Sunderland grew as a port, trading coal and salt. Ships began to be built on the river in the fourteenth century.
A person born in Sunderland is sometimes called a Mackem or a Wearsider.

==Page 181==
'''Frome''' 
The River Frome is a river in Somerset. It is not to be confused with other rivers in the south west of England with the same name.

Chapter 17: 175-182

2007-07-05T23:54:57Z

Incandenza: /* Page 178 */

==Page 175==
'''Jenkins Ear Museum''' 
'''War of 39''' 
War of Jenkins' Ear
1739-1743

'''Pistole''' 
pis·tole (pĭ-stōl')N.Pistole is the French name given to a Spanish gold coin in use from 1537; it was a double escudo, the gold unit. The name was also given to the Louis d'Or of Louis XIII of France, and to other European gold coins of about the value of the Spanish coin. One pistole was worth approximately ten livres. Wikipedia

'''Cross-Ruff''' 
A crossruff is a play where tricks are made by taking alternate ruffs in each hand. In order to use a crossruff, each player in the partnership must have shortness in a non-trump suit, accompanied with appropriate length in the opposite hand. Also, each partner must be short in the suit that his partner is long in. It is preferable that both players have an equal number of cards in the trump suit, otherwise a regular ruff is usually more effective, as it has the added benefit of establishing the trump suit. Wikipedia

==Page 176==
'''Spaniard's Blade''' 
’Tis the sword of Cordova, won in bloodiest fray off Saint Vincent’s promontory, and presented by Nelson to the old capital of the much-loved land of his birth. Yes, the proud Spaniard’s sword is to be seen in yonder guildhouse, in the glass case affixed to the wall: many other relics has the good old town, but none prouder than the Spaniard’s sword.
? From Lavengo.

'''Chronoscope''' 
chronoscope
n. instrument measuring very small intervals of time; chronometer in which figures are seen through apertures in dial. chronoscopy, n.
© From the Hutchinson Encyclopaedia.
Helicon Publishing LTD 2007.

==Page 178==
'''The Ghastly Fop''' 
a title that sounds like an Edward Gorey homage but is a seemingly made up serial pornographic tale of the time.

'''Rix-Dollar''' 
The Nederlandse Rijksdaalder, known in the colonies as the "rix dollar," was actually a variety of different coins each averaging about 448 grains in weight of .885 fine silver. These coins were independently minted by individual cities or provinces in the United Netherlands and passed at a value of two and a half guilders (50 stuivers). Although not as widespread as Spanish silver or the lion dollar, the silver rider ducatoon and various rix dollars were certainly familiar in the colonies throughout the Seventeenth and into the early Eighteenth century. http://www.coins.nd.edu/ColCoin/ColCoinIntros/Rix-Dollar.intro.html

==Page 179==
'''Guarda-Costa''' 
Coast Guard. Commission of a Spanish Guarda Costa 16 April 1729
By Don Dionysio Martines de la Vega, Brigadier in His Majesty's army, His Governor and Captain General of this city of the Havanna, and island of cuba &c.

'''reclaiming of light''' 
ATD motif.

==Page 180==
'''brighter indeed than the Day allows''' 
The day, again, Cf. Against the Day.

'''Wearside''' 
Sunderland (pronounced: /'sundələnd/, /'sʌndələnd/ or /'sun(d)lən/) is a former county borough now part of the City of Sunderland, in the county of Tyne and Wear in North East England.
The name "Sunderland" is reputed to come from Soender-land: "jacob-ariola"(soender/sunder being the Anglo-Saxon infinitive, meaning "to part"),[1] likely to be reference to the valley carved by the river Wear that runs through the heart of the city. Sunderland was also known as 'Sunderland-near-the-Sea'.[2]
A small fishing village called Sunderland, located toward the mouth of the river (modern day Hendon) was granted a charter in 1179. Over the centuries, Sunderland grew as a port, trading coal and salt. Ships began to be built on the river in the fourteenth century.
A person born in Sunderland is sometimes called a Mackem or a Wearsider.

==Page 181==
'''Frome''' 
The River Frome is a river in Somerset. It is not to be confused with other rivers in the south west of England with the same name.

Chapter 17: 175-182

2007-07-05T23:54:35Z

Incandenza: /* Page 178 */

==Page 175==
'''Jenkins Ear Museum''' 
'''War of 39''' 
War of Jenkins' Ear
1739-1743

'''Pistole''' 
pis·tole (pĭ-stōl')N.Pistole is the French name given to a Spanish gold coin in use from 1537; it was a double escudo, the gold unit. The name was also given to the Louis d'Or of Louis XIII of France, and to other European gold coins of about the value of the Spanish coin. One pistole was worth approximately ten livres. Wikipedia

'''Cross-Ruff''' 
A crossruff is a play where tricks are made by taking alternate ruffs in each hand. In order to use a crossruff, each player in the partnership must have shortness in a non-trump suit, accompanied with appropriate length in the opposite hand. Also, each partner must be short in the suit that his partner is long in. It is preferable that both players have an equal number of cards in the trump suit, otherwise a regular ruff is usually more effective, as it has the added benefit of establishing the trump suit. Wikipedia

==Page 176==
'''Spaniard's Blade''' 
’Tis the sword of Cordova, won in bloodiest fray off Saint Vincent’s promontory, and presented by Nelson to the old capital of the much-loved land of his birth. Yes, the proud Spaniard’s sword is to be seen in yonder guildhouse, in the glass case affixed to the wall: many other relics has the good old town, but none prouder than the Spaniard’s sword.
? From Lavengo.

'''Chronoscope''' 
chronoscope
n. instrument measuring very small intervals of time; chronometer in which figures are seen through apertures in dial. chronoscopy, n.
© From the Hutchinson Encyclopaedia.
Helicon Publishing LTD 2007.

==Page 178==
'''The Ghastly Fop''' 
a title that sounds like an Edward Gorey homage but is a seemingly made up serial pornographic tale of the time.

'''Rox-Dollar''' 
The Nederlandse Rijksdaalder, known in the colonies as the "rix dollar," was actually a variety of different coins each averaging about 448 grains in weight of .885 fine silver. These coins were independently minted by individual cities or provinces in the United Netherlands and passed at a value of two and a half guilders (50 stuivers). Although not as widespread as Spanish silver or the lion dollar, the silver rider ducatoon and various rix dollars were certainly familiar in the colonies throughout the Seventeenth and into the early Eighteenth century. http://www.coins.nd.edu/ColCoin/ColCoinIntros/Rix-Dollar.intro.html

==Page 179==
'''Guarda-Costa''' 
Coast Guard. Commission of a Spanish Guarda Costa 16 April 1729
By Don Dionysio Martines de la Vega, Brigadier in His Majesty's army, His Governor and Captain General of this city of the Havanna, and island of cuba &c.

'''reclaiming of light''' 
ATD motif.

==Page 180==
'''brighter indeed than the Day allows''' 
The day, again, Cf. Against the Day.

'''Wearside''' 
Sunderland (pronounced: /'sundələnd/, /'sʌndələnd/ or /'sun(d)lən/) is a former county borough now part of the City of Sunderland, in the county of Tyne and Wear in North East England.
The name "Sunderland" is reputed to come from Soender-land: "jacob-ariola"(soender/sunder being the Anglo-Saxon infinitive, meaning "to part"),[1] likely to be reference to the valley carved by the river Wear that runs through the heart of the city. Sunderland was also known as 'Sunderland-near-the-Sea'.[2]
A small fishing village called Sunderland, located toward the mouth of the river (modern day Hendon) was granted a charter in 1179. Over the centuries, Sunderland grew as a port, trading coal and salt. Ships began to be built on the river in the fourteenth century.
A person born in Sunderland is sometimes called a Mackem or a Wearsider.

==Page 181==
'''Frome''' 
The River Frome is a river in Somerset. It is not to be confused with other rivers in the south west of England with the same name.

Chapter 17: 175-182

2007-07-05T23:37:32Z

Incandenza: /* Page 175 */

==Page 175==
'''Jenkins Ear Museum''' 
'''War of 39''' 
War of Jenkins' Ear
1739-1743

'''Pistole''' 
pis·tole (pĭ-stōl')N.Pistole is the French name given to a Spanish gold coin in use from 1537; it was a double escudo, the gold unit. The name was also given to the Louis d'Or of Louis XIII of France, and to other European gold coins of about the value of the Spanish coin. One pistole was worth approximately ten livres. Wikipedia

'''Cross-Ruff''' 
A crossruff is a play where tricks are made by taking alternate ruffs in each hand. In order to use a crossruff, each player in the partnership must have shortness in a non-trump suit, accompanied with appropriate length in the opposite hand. Also, each partner must be short in the suit that his partner is long in. It is preferable that both players have an equal number of cards in the trump suit, otherwise a regular ruff is usually more effective, as it has the added benefit of establishing the trump suit. Wikipedia

==Page 176==
'''Spaniard's Blade''' 
’Tis the sword of Cordova, won in bloodiest fray off Saint Vincent’s promontory, and presented by Nelson to the old capital of the much-loved land of his birth. Yes, the proud Spaniard’s sword is to be seen in yonder guildhouse, in the glass case affixed to the wall: many other relics has the good old town, but none prouder than the Spaniard’s sword.
? From Lavengo.

'''Chronoscope''' 
chronoscope
n. instrument measuring very small intervals of time; chronometer in which figures are seen through apertures in dial. chronoscopy, n.
© From the Hutchinson Encyclopaedia.
Helicon Publishing LTD 2007.

==Page 178==
'''The Ghastly Fop''' 
a title that sounds like an Edward Gorey homage but is a seemingly made up serial pornographic tale of the time.

==Page 179==
'''Guarda-Costa''' 
Coast Guard. Commission of a Spanish Guarda Costa 16 April 1729
By Don Dionysio Martines de la Vega, Brigadier in His Majesty's army, His Governor and Captain General of this city of the Havanna, and island of cuba &c.

'''reclaiming of light''' 
ATD motif.

==Page 180==
'''brighter indeed than the Day allows''' 
The day, again, Cf. Against the Day.

'''Wearside''' 
Sunderland (pronounced: /'sundələnd/, /'sʌndələnd/ or /'sun(d)lən/) is a former county borough now part of the City of Sunderland, in the county of Tyne and Wear in North East England.
The name "Sunderland" is reputed to come from Soender-land: "jacob-ariola"(soender/sunder being the Anglo-Saxon infinitive, meaning "to part"),[1] likely to be reference to the valley carved by the river Wear that runs through the heart of the city. Sunderland was also known as 'Sunderland-near-the-Sea'.[2]
A small fishing village called Sunderland, located toward the mouth of the river (modern day Hendon) was granted a charter in 1179. Over the centuries, Sunderland grew as a port, trading coal and salt. Ships began to be built on the river in the fourteenth century.
A person born in Sunderland is sometimes called a Mackem or a Wearsider.

==Page 181==
'''Frome''' 
The River Frome is a river in Somerset. It is not to be confused with other rivers in the south west of England with the same name.

Chapter 14: 146-157

2007-07-03T01:33:54Z

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==Page 148==
'''Soupkie''' A soupkie is a glass for drinking gin.

==Page 152==
'''...the cell at Fort William, Calcutta''' Quoted from Wikipedia, The Black Hole of Calcutta was a small dungeon where troops of the Nawab of Bengal, Siraj ud-Daulah, held British prisoners of war after the capture of Fort William on June 20, 1756. John Zephaniah Holwell claimed that following the fall of the Fort, British and Anglo-Indian soldiers and civilians were held overnight in conditions so cramped that a large proportion of those held died from suffocation, heat exhaustion and crushing. He claimed that 123 prisoners died out of 146 prisoners held.

Chapter 14: 146-157

2007-07-03T00:56:18Z

Incandenza: New page: ==Page 148== '''Soupkie''' A soupkie is a glass for drinking gin.

==Page 148==
'''Soupkie''' A soupkie is a glass for drinking gin.