Thomas Pynchon Wiki - User contributions [en]

Chapter 44: 440-447

2009-08-14T00:03:52Z

Hugo Ball:

==Page 440==
'''''[[L#ley-lines|Ley-lines]]''''' 
The term "ley lines" was coined by Alfred Watkins when explaining his theory that ancient sites around Britain had actually been constructed or formed giving alignments between and across the inhabited landscape of Britain. The sites mentioned include Stone Circles, Standing Stones, Long Barrows, Cairns, Burial Mounds and Churches; 440; [http://www.mystical-www.co.uk/leylines.htm MORE]; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ley_lines Wikipedia entry]

'''Any Argument from Design, here, must include a yearning for Flight''' 
"Argument from design for the existence of God, that is, proved by the simplicity and orderliness of his thereby presumed Creation. A GR theme and a poke at rationalism, which, the more it succeeds in reducing complexity to order, the more it emphasisies (sic) the presence of design, or is that Design, a terribly loaded word for we paranoid." -- [http://www.waste.org/mail/?list=pynchon-l&month=9801&msg=22958&sort=date Dinn's Notes on the Pynchon-L]

'''Oölite''' 
"(geology) a deposit of spherical grains within a mineral cortex accreted around a nucleus, often of quartz grains" -- [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/oolite Wiktionary]

"I'm confused here as to how limestone can be used to make prisms, since
all the limestone I have ever climbed up has been opaque. Is there transparent oölite? Or are the egg-stones a plant." -- [http://www.waste.org/mail/?list=pynchon-l&month=9801&msg=22958&sort=date Dinn's Notes on the Pynchon-L]

'''Master-valve of rose Quartz''' 
"Master-valve" -- interesting choice of words! Generally speaking, a "valve" is a device (esp. a flap or hinge) that opens one line while closing another, generally to control flow.

'''March''' 
1765

'''Azimuth''' 
#An arc of the horizon intercepted between the meridian of the place and a vertical circle passing through the center of any object; as, the azimuth of a star; the azimuth or bearing of a line surveying.
#The quadrant of an azimuth circle.
-- [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/azimuth Wiktionary]

==Page 441==
'''strike''' 
Consider some multiple meanings of "strike" (v.) (all quotes from the OED):
*"To bring (an arc) into being"
*"To make one's way, go"
*"Of a serpent or other venomous animal: To wound (a person) with its fangs or sting"
*"To mark with lines, draw a line"
*"To mark, stigmatize"
*"To deal a blow, to smite"
*"To imprint on the mind"
*"to produce a flame with flint and steel or by the friction of a match"
*"To produce (music, a sound, note) by touching a string or playing upon an instrument"; "Of a clock: To make one or more strokes on its sounding part"
*"To kill or wound (deer) with an arrow or spear"; "To hit with a missile, a shot, etc"
*"To lance or cut (a vein)"
*"Of lightning, thunder, a thunderbolt: To descend violently upon and blast"; "To send out or forth (a beam of light)"
*"said of a moving shadow"
*"Of a thought, an idea: To come into the mind of, occur to (a person)"
*"To agree (to articles or terms)"
*"of an electric charge, to pass as a spark"

'''Ev'rything upon the Ground, by April, as they're about to begin the West Line, must be sighted thro' a haze of green Resurrection.''' 
"Wow! remember that radar screen in GR with its `green return' (also the
superhighways of July song with spring's green return). 'green resurrection links the cycle of the seasons back to Christ's cycle of suffering, which suggests Wicks is well aware of Christianity's pagan roots, at the psychological and historical level at least, if not necessarily theological and spiritual. But there is also a hint in 'Resurrection' at America, the New World being an Eden of - or was that for? - the Redeemed. Unlike the corrupt, fallen Old Worlds further East. Depending on which way you read it the New World is either virgin land ripe for corruption or a second chance from a loving creator. Which recalls the opinion expressed by Pynchon's narrator at GR 720 of 'we, the crippled keepers, [...] God's spoilers. Us. Counter-revolutionaries. It is our mission to promote death.' a chillingly beautiful passage leading up to and beyond the judgement at GR 722.22 `America *was* the edge of the World. ... In Africa, Asia, Amerindia, Oceania, Europe came and established its order of Analysis and Death.' Does Pynchon still believe this in M&D or does he believe there is life in America's old corpse still?" -- [http://www.waste.org/mail/?list=pynchon-l&month=9801&msg=22958&sort=date Dinn's Notes on the Pynchon-L]

'''Over Susquehanna,-- once you've cross'd the York to Baltimore Road,-- you'll see.''' 
"The Visto will cross Susquehanna about 20 miles West of the Tangent Line, the York-Baltimore road at 40 miles West. York and Lancaster, counties and cities, are mirror images, either side of Susquehanna, though, disconcertingly, York is West of Lancaster. York is 15 miles N of the Visto, Baltimor 20 miles South on the knee bend half way down Chesapeake Bay. The crossing point on the York-Baltimore Road is at towns called New Freedom on the Pennsylvania side, Maryland Line on the Maryland side. Anyone who can furnish relevant slavery/Civil War explanations for the names? This must be a
notable border checkpoint since it would likely have been a main trade route for Pennsylvanians West of Susquehannah, the river running too fast for easy ferrying of goods across to Philadelphia." -- [http://www.waste.org/mail/?list=pynchon-l&month=9801&msg=22958&sort=date Dinn's Notes on the Pynchon-L]

'''and he ain't just humming 'Love in a Cottage' either''' 
"First encountered in London as a show Mason wished he had not caught, no?
cf MDMD(10) [page] 292.18" -- [http://www.waste.org/mail/?list=pynchon-l&month=9801&msg=22958&sort=date Dinn's Notes on the Pynchon-L]

Not to mention the obvious joak: "you ain't just whistlin' Dixie!"

'''I lit East''' 
As with "strike" (see above) note that "lit" has connotations with light and fuses, an physical (as in physics) reaction that a human initiates.

'''cry in the right Uncle's ale-can''' 
???

'''fifty-weight of Harness''' 
???

'''the West Line ... will finally refer ... preparing for the Translation south''' 
"refer" and "Translation" paint a different image than "strike" and "lit" above, although all four words describe interaction with the lines. Why the difference? Note that "strike" and "lit" describe human movement along the lines, while "refer" and "Translation" seem to describe the interaction of lines with lines and points and mathematics.

==Page 442==
'''scry''' 
"To predict the future using crystal balls." -- [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/scry Wiktionary]

'''heptagon''' 
(geometry) A polygon with seven sides and seven angles." -- [http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/heptagon Wiktionary]

I believe this is the first appearance of a seven-sided object, but note that several octagonal shapes have appeared, including a couple of deadly devices (the Octuple Gloucester--a big cheese--on page 137 and "The octagonal Barrel" of the rifle that M&D consider swapping for a Tub on p. 428) as well as the Octagon Room on page 437.

'''line of work''' 
Speaking of scrying...

'''Mr. Franklin's [[G#armonica|Armonica]]''' 
Musical instrument consisting of a set of graduated and tuned glass bowls sounded by the friction of wet fingers on the rims. It was invented by [[F#franklin|Benjamin Franklin]] in 1761. His "armonica" consisted of hemispherical glasses suspended on atreadle-operated spindle, overlapping so that only their rims were visible. A trough of water beneath the glasses moistened them as they rotated through it. It spanned four octaves. Mozart composed ''Adagio und Rondo'' K 617 and ''Adagio für Harmonika'' K 356 for the instrument. Beethoven also composed for it, as well as others; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glass_harmonica Wikipedia entry]. See page 268.

'''light of the Sun, and whatever Medium bears it to us''' 
The luminiferous aether, the medium through which it was thought, at the end of the 19th century, light propogated. The idea of such a medium was eventually done away with as a result of Einstein's special theory of relativity.

==Page 443==
'''Body-jobber''' 
Pynchon having more playful fun with the job title of "jobber." Cf. Land Jobbers and Labor Crimps (naval Body-jobbers), both on p. 365, and Love-Jobbers, p. 427.

'''Parts of a single great Machine''' 
Tell it to John Henry! Humorous, but dehumanizing the human traffic brings slavery to mind.

'''"Developer," or Projector of Land-Schemes''' 
Wicks (Pynchon?) seems to hold Land Jobbers (p. 427) in nearly as high esteem as lawyers.

==Page 445==
'''Like your Mother's Pussy''' 
From here to the end of the page, they start telling "yo mama" jokes, which also appear in ''Inherent Vice'' [http://inherent-vice.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=Chapter_10 (pg. 155)] and ''Against the Day'' [http://against-the-day.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=ATD_1-25#Page_12 (pg. 12)].

==Annotation Index==

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Hugo Ball:

'''Jabez''' 
341; M&D's guide in Lancaster

'''Jabot''' 
7; a fall of lace (or cloth) attached to the front of the neckband of 18th century men

<div id="jacobites"></div>'''Jacobites''' 
From The Tyree Name (website long gone):

:"Jacobite" meant supporters of King James Stuart (Jacobus = James in Vulgate Latin) and his descendants as the God-chosen and therefore true Kings of England. When the Scottish King James IV, married English King Henry VIII's sister, the lines became one in their son James V; and James V's daughter, Mary Queen of Scots. When Mary was killed off from the line of succession in England, her son, James VI, became first in line (especially for Catholics) for the English throne, which he finally ascended as James I of England. Even after the execution of his son Charles I and the removal of his grandsons, Charles II and James II ("the Old Pretender"), this line was celebrated as the true heirs in fact and song and story: Prince Charles Edward Stuart ("Bonnie Prince Charlie, the Young Pretender"), the grandson of James II, attempted a comeback in [[F#45|1745]]. Their lineal descendants had adherents up until the First World War, when the current heir turned out to have become too closely related to the Kaiser.

James's Town,108; "in America?" 226; "Jacobite refuse of Scotland" 309; "When Night was Day/And Day was Night/Who, then, was the Jacobite?" 311 ["When Adam delved and Eve span/Who was then a gentleman?" - Bartlett's: "Text used by John Ball for his speech at Blackheath to the men in Wat Tyler's rebellion. (1381)"; "Anyone who was seventeen [ in [[F#45|1745-46]] ] [...] was Jacobite" 311-12; "So Jacobites must speak in children's rhymes" 350; "Are your Weavers Jacobites, then?" 501; "any hair worn forward of the shoulders, is but Jacobitism by means of Coiffure" 551; "simple Jacobite Persistence" 558; Swedish, 611; ''See also'' [[#james|James II]]; [[Jacobites|MORE]]; [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacobites Wikipedia entry]

'''James, Major''' 
566

<div id="james"></div>'''James II (1633-1701)''' 
336; aka, James Stuart, Duke of York, brother of Charles II, and king of England from 1685-88;
he converted to Catholicism and, upon his accession to the throne, attempted to overthrow the church and establish Catholicism as the official religion. This, along with many other fairly outrageous acts, made him very unpopular and several politicians solicited William of Orange (James' son-in-law and nephew) to invade, which he did. James fled to France; his supporters, and his
descendants who claimed the throne of Great Britain and Ireland, were called
"Jacobites"; they were strong in Scotland and the north of England until after
the [[F#45|uprising of 1745]]; "dead hand of"; ''See also'' [[#jacobites|Jacobites]]

'''James's Town''' 
106; on St. Helena

'''Jansenist''' 
377; In 1640 ''Augustinus'', a book by the Dutch theologian Cornelius Jansen (1585-1638) was published posthumously. A defense of the theology of Augustine against the dominant theological trends of the time within Roman Catholicism, its special target was the teachings and practices associated with the Jesuits; Convulsionaries, 543

'''Janvier, Mary''' 
327; her ale house at Christiana Bridge

<div id="jasmine"></div>'''Jasmine Absolute''' 
456; An essential oil derived from the flowers of the jasmine bush, used for fragrance and skin care. Its properties are nervine, antidepressant/euphoric, and aphrodisiac.

'''Jason''' 
699; son of slave-driver Dixon attacks

'''Jefferson, Thomas''' 
395; author of Declaration of Independence and US President

'''Jehu son of Nimshi''' 
357; driver of Jesuit-built Coach

'''Jellows, the Fabulous''' 
23; keepers of the Learnèd English Dog

<div id="jenkins"></div>'''Jenkin's Ear Museum''' 
175; in or about Break-Neck Valley on St. Helena

'''Jenkin, Robert''' 
175; English merchant captain trading in the West Indies who claimed that his
sloop had been invaded by a Spanish ''guarda costa'' and that he was tortured and
his ear torn off. He produced the ear to the House of Commons in 1738 and thus
helped force England into "The War of Jenkins' Ear" against Spain in 1739. He
also served with the East India Company and was governor of St. Helena for a
time.

'''Jerseys''' 
30; from where [[E#ethelmer|Cousin Ethelmer]] has returned from College; New Jersey's early colonial history was involved with that of New York, of which it was a part. New York was a Dutch colony until 1664, after which it was taken over, by the Duke of York, the King's brother. Hence the name. One year after the Dutch surrender to England, New Jersey was organized as an English colony under Gov. Philip Carteret. In 1676 the colony was divided between Carteret and a company of English Quakers who had obtained the rights belonging to John, Lord Berkeley. New Jersey became a united, crown colony in 1702, administered by the royal governor of New York. Finally, in 1738, New Jersey was separated from New York under its own royal governor, Lewis Morris.

'''Jesuits''' 
266; 287; 328; 377; 420; 432; 479; College, 514; discovered by Blondelle, 519;
Lesson I, 520; "a Financial Entity" 528; "Visitants from beneath the Ice" 531;
534; 543; 546; 601; physics, 604; 611; "five and a Quarter Degrees [...] removed
from the Chinese Circle" 629; 687; 711; 772

<div id="jethro"></div>'''Jethro's Tent''' 
60; Jethro was a Midean priest into whose tent entered Moses, where he met his
future wife, Zippora

'''Jewel blocks''' 
The blocks at the ends of yards in ship's rigging through which halyards are passed so that you can properly raise the sail.

'''Jews''' 
251-52; Gershom, 279; 285

'''Joaks''' 
15; "What is the Integral of One over (Book)d(Book)?" (Ans: Log Book), 19; about the Savior, 76; 115; 270; 278; 284; 344; 392; Parrot, 453; 566; King,
572-73; 604; 636; Quaker, 707; 736; Cannabalism, 745

'''Jobates''' 
158; Pynchon defines "Jobation" on page 730, as "lengthy Reproof"

<div id="john"></div>'''John Company''' 
125; aka [[E#eic|East India Company]] (from "John Bull" which is slang for an Englishman or the English collectively); 479

'''Johnson''' 
111; Ferrer's Steward

'''Johnson Castle''' 
531; Fortified residence of [[#johnson|Sir William Johnson]]

'''Johnson, Barney''' 
577; constable helping to seize Catherine Wheat's baby

<div id="sjohnson"></div>'''Johnson, (Dr.) Samuel (1709-84)''' 
35; Born in Lichfield, Staffordshire, Dr. Johnson (as he was always known - 'though a doctor he was not) was an English writer, critic, and conversationalist. Without taking a degree, he left college in 1731, taught awhile, wrote some, got married and, in 1737, moved to London and joined the ranks of [[G#grub|"Grub Street"]], unsuccessfully plying his trade as a freelance writer. After many years struggling in poverty, he eventually found success, producing over his career an entire Dictionary, an edition of Shakespeare, a travel book, philosophical fictions, two eminent series of essays, and numerous biographies. In 1764, Dr. Johnson founded, with the painter Joshua Reynolds, "the Club," an artistic group, whose meetings were held at the Turk's Head in Gerald Street. It was attended my Edmund Burke, Oliver Goldsmith, [[G#garrick|David Garrick]], [[B#boswell|Boswell]], and [[F#fox|Charles James Fox]]. Dr. Johnson's legacy is a commitment to biographical precision rather than routine panegyric; an analysis of expectation, self-delusion, and disappointment; a deep sympathy combined with nuanced judgment. Despite a prodigious lifetime output, Dr. Johnson suffered from a chronic sense that he was underusing his talent and was thus able to write about human failure with an empathy and acuity that few have matched before or since; 351; in Scotland, 744;

[[Christopher Smart|and Christopher Smart]]; [[Whigs|and the Whigs]]; [http://www.andromeda.rutgers.edu/~jlynch/Johnson/ Dr. Johnson Website]

<div id="johnson"></div>'''Johnson, Sir William (1715-74)''' 
532; he was the royal agent for Indian affairs and was negotiating with the
Indians to allow M&D to further extend the line; "Irish Baronet"; 631; 636; 646; 675; 706

'''Jolly Pitman''' 
12-13; Dixon's local in Staindrop; "at the edge of Cockfield Fell" 229; 242; 556; Mason in, 734

'''Jonah, Book of''' 
487

'''Juan, Don''' 
260

'''Juniata''' 
513; river in south-central Pennsylvania, 150mi long, flows east thru Mifflin,
Juniata, and Perry into Susquehanna river

'''Jürgen''' 
358; pulled Peter Redzinger from the hops

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Chapter 39: 391-398

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==Page 395==
'''mephitic''' 
of, relating to, or resembling mephitis : foul-smelling <mephitic vapors>

'''Tom''' This is Thomas Jefferson. Dixon toasts "to the pursuit of Happiness" and a young man named Tom asks if can use that phrase some time, which Thomas Jefferson did in the Declaration of Independence. The passage continues to confirm that this is Jefferson by discussing his interest in surveying, which was a very real interest of Jefferson's.

'''Colonel Byrd''' 
William, 1674-1744 [http://books.google.com/books?vid=OCLC00477341&id=g7u8YIKtb_wC&dq=inauthor:byrd&num=100&q=inauthor:byrd&pgis=1 GoogleBooks] [http://www.google.com/search?hl=en&lr=&q=william.byrd+1674+1744 Google]

==Page 397==
'''Quoiting''' 
A game similar to horseshoes played with quoits (from the middle english ''coyte'', flat stone) particular to the Northeast.
(source: thefreedictionary.com)

Is there a significance to the choice of quoiting over a pistol dual between Dixon and Fabian, which is independent of Dixon's religious pacifism?

Superficially, the game resembles the West Line: an invisible line defined by staked points along which objects (stones) fly. One could note the same, of course, about a duel -- so perhaps there is some other significance in the choice of quoit?

Ah, perhaps one point is that quoiting might be more 'civilized' a resolution since no one can be killed? [[User:MKOHUT|MKOHUT]] 11:55, 16 September 2007 (PDT)

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Chapter 20: 199-206

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==Page 199==
'''pongee gown''' 
Embroidered white silk pongee gown with sweetheart neckline, trimmed at neckline with tulle ruffle matching the deep tulle flounce of the skirt

'''Sally Lunn''' 
Sally Lunn's is the oldest house in Bath.It's famous for the Sally Lunn bun (served here since 1680).Sally Lunn. Lunn, Sally (supp. fl. 1680x1800), supposed baker.

==Page 201==
[[Image:Harrisons-chronometer.jpg|thumb|caption|Harrison's H5 Chronometer|right|175px]]
'''Mr. Harrison's Watch''' 
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Harrison John Harrison] (March 24, 1693–March 24, 1776) was an English clockmaker who revolutionized and extended the possibility of safe long distance sea travel in the Age of Sail by inventing a long-sought and critically-needed key piece in the problem of accurately establishing the East-West position, or longitude, of a ship at sea. The problem was so intractable that the English Parliament offered a huge fortune for the day (£20,000, roughly £6 million in 2007 terms),[1] for a solution.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Harrison

==Page 203==
'''but by me''' This is a direct quote from Jesus: "I am the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by me" (John 14:6). This connection between Jesus and Mason's father begins in [http://masondixon.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=Chapter_8:_77-86#Page_86 chapter 8].

==Page 204==
'''He believes that bread is alive''' This is perhaps another way to describe the Catholic idea of transubstantiation. See also [http://masondixon.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=Chapter_8:_77-86#Page_86 chapter 8].

==Annotation Index==

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Chapter 20: 199-206

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Hugo Ball:

Chapter 20: 199-206

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Hugo Ball:

Chapter 20: 199-206

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Hugo Ball:

==Page 199==
'''pongee gown''' 
Embroidered white silk pongee gown with sweetheart neckline, trimmed at neckline with tulle ruffle matching the deep tulle flounce of the skirt

'''Sally Lunn''' 
Sally Lunn's is the oldest house in Bath.It's famous for the Sally Lunn bun (served here since 1680).Sally Lunn. Lunn, Sally (supp. fl. 1680x1800), supposed baker.

==Page 201==
[[Image:Harrisons-chronometer.jpg|thumb|caption|Harrison's H5 Chronometer|right|175px]]
'''Mr. Harrison's Watch''' 
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Harrison John Harrison] (March 24, 1693–March 24, 1776) was an English clockmaker who revolutionized and extended the possibility of safe long distance sea travel in the Age of Sail by inventing a long-sought and critically-needed key piece in the problem of accurately establishing the East-West position, or longitude, of a ship at sea. The problem was so intractable that the English Parliament offered a huge fortune for the day (£20,000, roughly £6 million in 2007 terms),[1] for a solution.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Harrison

===Page 203===
'''but by me''' This is a direct quote from Jesus: "I am the way, the truth, and the life: no man cometh unto the Father, but by me" (John 14:6). This connection between Jesus and Mason's father begins in chapter 8.

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Chapter 27: 266-274

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===Page 266===
'''the tinted lenses of Spectacles of his own Invention''' Benjamin Franklin invented [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifocals bifocals], but he seems to get credit here for also inventing sun glasses.

==Page 268==
''' quite thoroughly charmed by your Glass Armonica ''' 
Having observed glasses played as instruments, Franklin invented his armonica, consisting of a series of glass bowls mounted on a spinning rod; the first performance on the instrument was given by Marianne Davies. Several composers wrote for the instrument, among them Mozart; see [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dE_MZzvigd4].

==Page 271==
'''Carpenters Wharf''' 
now covered by Highway 95. Many coffee houses and taverns were there including the famous [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tun_Tavern Tun Tavern] which was built by Sam Carpenter, the namesake for the Wharf. 

'''London Coffee House''' 
Located at [http://www.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&q=S+Front+St+AND+Market+St++Philadelphia,+PA&ie=UTF8&om=1&z=15&iwloc=addr Front and Market]. It was a meeting place for Tories during the war. [http://www.explorepahistory.com/hmarker.php?markerId=36 historical market info on London Coffee House]

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==Page 268==
''' quite thoroughly charmed by your Glass Armonica ''' 
Having observed glasses played as instruments, Franklin invented his armonica, consisting of a series of glass bowls mounted on a spinning rod; the first performance on the instrument was given by Marianne Davies. Several composers wrote for the instrument, among them Mozart; see [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dE_MZzvigd4].

==Page 271==
'''Carpenters Wharf''' 
now covered by Highway 95. Many coffee houses and taverns were there including the famous [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tun_Tavern Tun Tavern] which was built by Sam Carpenter, the namesake for the Wharf. 

'''London Coffee House''' 
Located at [http://www.google.com/maps?f=q&hl=en&q=S+Front+St+AND+Market+St++Philadelphia,+PA&ie=UTF8&om=1&z=15&iwloc=addr Front and Market]. It was a meeting place for Tories during the war. [http://www.explorepahistory.com/hmarker.php?markerId=36 historical market info on London Coffee House]

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Chapter 8: 77-86

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==Page 77==

'''Etesian''' 
Prevailing northerly monsoonal winds in the summer and early fall. The word originates from latin ''aetas'', summer.

'''not whistle''' 
Such a fun "vice" was not allowed on ship.

'''Torpedick''' 
Like an eel.

'''''Bandieten''''' 
Armed thieves in a band of thieves. Still in use in contemporary Dutch.

'''Pumplenose''' 
A large citrus fruit (''Citrus maxima''); the ancestor of grapefruit (or the tree itself).

Etymologically, an alternate form of the South African “pampelmoes”—commonly known elsewhere as the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pomelo pomelo], Chinese grapefruit, jabong, or [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shaddock shaddock] (after Captain Shaddock, who introduced the fruit to the West Indies in the 17th C.). The OED lists 18 alternate forms of "pampelmoes," including, most comically, pimple-nose and pummel-nose. In Dutch it is ''pompelmoes'' and pretty popular.

My local grocer offered a small stash of pomelos last year, and I bought one out of curiosity. It was quite similar to yellow grapefruit, but much larger—though I discovered that the size is due to an extraordinarily thick and pulpy rind. The fruit itself was smaller, dryer, and somewhat less tart than most grapefruits. Though worth a try, I doubt if most readers would be so taken as to make the pumplenose a regular part of their diet.

==Page 78==

'''monitory''' 
Conveying an admonition or a warning

'''the Watch''' 
Closely observing an area as in a neighborhood watch.

'''his Fell''' 
hide: the dressed skin of an animal (especially a large animal)
wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn

'''virid''' 
Etymology: From the Latin viridis, from virere ‘to be green’. 
Pronunciation:/'vɪrɪd/ 
Noun,Singular: virid; Plural,virids 
virid (plural virids):(colour) a bright green colour 
virid colour: Adjective: virid, more virid, most virid 
(colour) having a bright green colour 
1977: His protruberant eyeballs were veined with red like certain kinds of rare marble. He urged me to meditate upon the virid line of the whirling universe. — Angela Carter, The Passion of New Eve

'''''Voorhuis''''' 
Dutch: fronthouse

==Page 79==

'''"Tell me, what'd I say?"''' 
Perhaps a reference to Ray Charles' 1959 hit song, "What'd I Say," which features this line. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/What'd_I_Say Wikipedia entry]

'''lock'd his front door''' 
(Traditional?)

'''Fumulus''' 
fumulus—A contraction of the words fume and cumulus, indicating water-droplet clouds that form within the top of rising plumes from smokestacks.

==Page 80==

'''''Stoep''''' 
Entered English as 'stoop' in 1789.

'''Theater of the Japanese''' 
Called Noh (see [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noh Wikipedia]). Here is the relevancy for the text: When hand props other than fans are used, they are usually introduced or retrieved by stage attendants who fulfill a similar role to stage crew in contemporary theater. Like their Western counterparts, stage attendants for Noh traditionally dress in black, but unlike in Western theater they may appear on stage during a scene, or may remain on stage during an entire performance, in both cases in plain view of the audience.

'''the Range of their Desires''' 
Must be compared, it would seem, to the name of Part 1 of ATD: Light Over the Ranges.

'''Younkers''' 
youn·ker: Pronunciation: 'y&[ng]-k&r 
Etymology: Dutch: jonker--young nobleman 
Noun
1 : a young man
2 : CHILD, YOUNGSTER Merriam-Webster Dict.

'''delegated the sighing''' 
Jet will not sigh over the romantic overtures; her sisters will.

==Page 81==

'''Jesuit part''' 
his penis, that is part of his lap, where the Guitar is? A(nother) small penis joke with an aware allusion to "Jesuitical", arguing small points?

==Page 82==

'''''lengkua''''' 
"...the word should be lengkuas, a Malay word for the spice whose Linnean name is ''Alpinia galanga''. Now, [http://www.tropilab.com/galanga.html this site] has a slew of names for it: siamese ginger, siamese galanga, java galangal, greater galangal, el galangal, el adkham, hang dou kou, stor kalanga, galanga, galanga de l'inde, laos, galgant, kulanjan, naukyo, lenkuas, galanga maior, kha, ka, riêng, großer galgant, herbe indienne, da liang jiang, grand galanga, galanga majeur. But the form ''galangal'' seems to be the [http://www.yourdictionary.com/ahd/g/g0012600.html current] English name, used alongside galanga ... is Pynchon's ''lengkua'' a simple mistake or typo for ''lengkuas'', or could it be a legitimate (though rare) alternate form? I have too much respect for Pynchon and his love of variant forms to assume the former, but I don't see much evidence for the latter ... Incidentally, the OED has the entry form galingale (used by Chaucer in the Prologue to the Canterbury Tales: 'A Cook they hadde with hem for the nones/ To boille the chiknes with the Marybones/ And poudre Marchant tart and galyngale')" -- posted by a linguist on [http://www.languagehat.com/archives/001908.php Languagehat.com]

'''Bilimbi pickles''' 
AVERRHOA Bilimbi, or Vilimbipuli or Irumpanpuli (in Malayalam), is a fruit seen in the backyard of most homes in Kerala. Unlike other fruits, it has not found a place in the market or been used in the food preservation industry.[2003 article] It belongs to Oxalidaceae, the sorrel family, and is a small pinnate-leaved tree cultivated in the tropics. The fruit resembles a small green cucumber and grows on the trunk and the older branches. The fruit is about two to five centimetres long and acidic in nature with a sour taste. The flowers are tiny five-petalled and maroon.

The fruit is a rich source of Vitamin C. It fights cholesterol, and is used as a tonic and a laxative. Syrup made from the fruit is used in French Guyana to cure ailments arising from jaundice. The fruit is also known to stop internal bleeding in the stomach.

The fruit was hitherto known to be used only in curries and in the making of pickles. 

Bilimbi pickle 

Ingredients:
Small or medium sized Bilimbi cut lengthwise 1/4 kg
Green chillies 5
Garlic 10 lobes
Ginger 2 pieces about one inch in length
Wheat flour 1/4 dsp (desert spoon — 3 tsps)
Gram flour 1/4 dsp
Chilli powder 1 1/2 dsp
Mustard and fenugreek 1/4 tsp each
Asafoetida powder 1/4 tsp
Salt to taste
Vinegar 2 oz.
Gingelly oil 2 to 3 oz.

Method:

Add a little salt to the bilimbi and keep in the sun for two days, in a wide-mouthed, shallow earthen vessel. Pour the oil in a deep vessel, and season with the mustard, fenugreek and curry leaves. Then sauté the garlic and ginger after ground to a fine paste. Add the chillies and sauté. (Heat the wheat and gram flour and keep aside). Lower the fire and add the chilli powder and asafoetida. Add the salt and vinegar and bring to a boil. Then add the bilimbi and the fried powders. Remove from fire and bottle when cool.

'''''Bobotie''''' 
From Wikipedia (and confirmed with the OED): “[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobotie Bobotie] is a South African dish … of spiced [curried], minced meat baked with an egg-based topping … [It] probably originates from the [[Dutch East India Company]] colonies in Batavia … [and has been] known in the [[Cape of Good Hope]] since the 17th century … Some recipes also call for chopped onions … Traditionally, bobotie incorporates dried fruit … It is often garnished with walnuts, chutney and bananas … Bobotie was transported by South African settlers to colonies all over Africa.”

'''''Frikkadel''''' 
Typical Afrikaner dish, spiced meatball. [http://funkymunky.co.za/meat.html Recipe]

==Page 84==

'''Satay''' 
sa·tay also sa·té or sa·te (sä'tā)
n.
A dish of southeast Asia consisting of strips of marinated meat, poultry, or seafood grilled on skewers and dipped in peanut sauce.
[Malay saté, satai or Indonesian sate, both perhaps of Tamil origin.]

'''Rakhman''' 
A popular indonesian name which seems to be used jokingly.

'''even better, as Eve''' 
(No missing rib? Gets to be disobedient?)

==Page 85==

'''B-st-rd''' 
Who's censoring here? A convention in 18th century literature.

'''a Tun short... law''' 
Tun:large cask especially one holding a volume equivalent to 2 butts or 252 gals
wordnet.princeton.edu/perl/webwn - Definition in context

'''Fence-Runner''' 
Not in OED? He means surveyer, insinuating that all surveyers do is measure property lines.

==Page 86==

'''recreations including running ''Amok''''' 
"Running amok, sometimes referred to as simply amok (also spelled amuck or amuk), is derived from the Malay word mengamuk, meaning "to go mad with rage" (uncontrollable rage). In typical cases of running amok, someone, although having shown no previous sign of anger and/or any inclination to resort to violence, will acquire a weapon and in a sudden frenzy will attempt to kill or seriously injure everyone they meet. Amok episodes of this kind normally end with the amok-runner being killed by bystanders" -- from [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amok Wikipedia]

'''Transubstantiation . . . presided''' Transubstantiation is the Catholic belief that the bread of communion literally and actually becomes the body of Christ. Here, the young clergyman writes that Mason's father presided in the oven because Mason's father was a baker. Thus, there's a play on "father" since "God the Father" is in the bread (i.e., transubstantiation) and Mason's biological father is associated with bread.

==Annotation Index==

{{MD PbP}}

Chapter 3: 14-29

2009-07-19T08:08:34Z

Hugo Ball:

==Page 14==

'''''Spiritual Day-Book''''' 
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Whitefield George Whitefield] (1714-1770) was a preacher in the Church of England and one of the leaders of the Methodist movement. He was a pioneer in the commercialization of religion and seen by many as the most powerful leader of the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Great_Awakening Great Awakening] in America. Whitefield popularized the concept of a spiritual day-book:

:Whitefield's familiary with a shopkeeper's daybook provided another metaphor for his faith. He urged his followers to take an accounting of their spiritual lives. "I think a good tradesman whether he deals largely or not, will take care to keep his day-book well," Whitefield explained, adding, "if a man will not keep his day-book well it is ten to one but he loses a good deal when he comes to count up his things at Christmas." Then applying the lesson to converts, the evangelist continued, "now I take it for granted, a good spiritual tradesman will keep his spiritual day-book well." A good Christian will be able to look at his accounts at the end of a day and proclaim, "I have died a little more to the world than yesterday, [and] this day I hope that I have been a little more alive to God than I was yesterday." <ref>''Pedlar in Divinity: George Whitefield and the Transatlantic Revivals, 1737-1770'', Frank Lambert, Princeton University Press, 1994, p.50</ref>

'''Day's Fatigue''' 
Foreshadows the leitmotif of [http://against-the-day.pynchonwiki.com/wiki ''Against the Day'']. The working day against which, etc., etc.

'''waking Traverse was done''' 
Not sure if the meaning has held constant, but modern day surveyors use the noun TRAverse (with the emphasis on the 1st syllable) to refer not to a line, but to a loop or geometric figure created by measuring the angle & distance from one point to another. By closing the loop and measuring the angle & distance back to the original point, the surveyor can determine the accuracy of the measurements (the loop should close completely, without any deviation from the measurements) and apply a correction, if necessary. Use of the word in this way describes each day as a forward progress (traVERSE) in addition to a circular return (TRAverse) --incredibly poignant.

Traverse is the main family name in [http://against-the-day.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/ ''Against the Day'']. Descendants of Webb Traverse appear in [http://vineland.pynchonwiki.com/wiki ''Vineland''].

'''yet another Term in the Contract between the City and oneself''' 
A reference to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_contract Social Contracts], the implied agreements by which people form nations and maintain a social order. This means that the people give up some rights to a government in order to receive social order. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes Thomas Hobbes] (1588-1679), [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Locke John Locke] (1632-1704), and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau Jean-Jacques Rousseau] (1712-1778) are the most famous philosophers of contractarianism, which formed the theoretical groundwork of democracy.

Pynchon has always been wary of cities, crushing the individual (the charismatic, the Life Force) in the pursuit of a rationalized and efficient system. Cf. the [http://gravitys-rainbow.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=C#dactylic City Dactylic in ''Gravity's Rainbow''] ""the city of the future where every soul is known, and there is noplace to hide." Cf., also, the [http://gravitys-rainbow.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=Routinization_of_Charisma Routinization of Charisma in ''Gravity's Rainbow''].

==Page 15==

'''Wapping High Street''' 
The area was first settled by Saxons, from whom it takes its name (meaning literally "[the place of] Wæppa's people"). It developed along the embankment of the Thames, hemmed in by the river to the south and the now-drained Wapping Marsh to the north. This gave it a peculiarly narrow and constricted shape, consisting of little more than the axis of Wapping High Street and some north-south side streets. John Stow, the 16th century historian, described it as a "continual street, or a filthy strait passage, with alleys of small tenements or cottages, built, inhabited by sailors' victuallers." [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wapping Wikipedia entry...]

'''Tyburn''' 
The village [of Tyburn] was notorious for centuries as the site of the Tyburn gallows, London's principal location for public executions by hanging. Executions took place at Tyburn from the 12th to the 18th century (with the prisoners processed from Newgate Prison in the City). Located near Marble Arch in present-day London. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tyburn%2C_London Wikipedia entry...]

'''the Motrix of Honest Mirth''' 
The ''vis motrix'' is a term meaning "moving force" or "soul."

Immanual Kant, in the decades before the publication of the ''Critique of Pure Reason'', was a metaphysical dualist who offered a positive account of mind/body interaction. ''Thoughts of the True Estimation of Living Forces'' (1747), his first philosophical work, contains an argument that the mind/body problem presupposed several false and interrelated assumptions, all of which fell under the general view that the essential force of body is ''vis motrix''. Kant argued that the traditional ''vis motrix'' view, which was defended by Wolff and other post-Leibnizian German rationalists, appealed to an unexplanatory and metaphysically incoherent conception of force. [http://philosophy.uwaterloo.ca/MindDict/kant.html]

==Page 16==

'''Corsican accent''' 
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsica Corsica] is the fourth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea (after Sicily, Sardinia, and Cyprus). The [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corsican_language Corsican language] has strong similarities to Italian.

:In the French ''bourgeoisie'' any dialect other than "educated" Parisian French is regarded as inferior and excites hilarity; and of the many dialects, the Belgian and Corsican accents are regarded as the ugliest and funniest.<ref>''Race and Ethnicity: Essays in Comparative Sociology'', Pierre L. Van den Berghe; Basic Books, 1970, p.4</ref>

[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Napoleon_I_of_France Napoléon Bonaparte], who was born on Corsica, was 9 years old when his family left for France and although he learned French, he was never able to shake his strong Corsican accent.

==Page 17==

'''Ha-Ha''' 
Ha-ha (garden)
The ha-ha or sunken fence is a type of boundary to a garden, pleasure-ground, or park, designed not to interrupt the view and to be invisible until closely approached. The ha-ha consists of a trench, the inner side of which is perpendicular and faced with stone, with the outer slope face sloped and turfed - making it in effect a sunken fence. The ha-ha is a feature in the landscape gardens laid out by Charles Bridgeman, the originator of the ha-ha, according to Horace Walpole (Walpole 1780) and by William Kent and was an essential component of the "swept" views of Capability Brown.

'''Aristarchus''' 
Aristarchus (310 BC - c. 230 BC) was a Greek astronomer and mathematician, born on the island of Samos, in ancient Greece. He is considered the first person to propose a heliocentric model of the solar system, placing the Sun, not the Earth, at the center of the known universe (hence he is sometimes known as the "Greek Copernicus").

'''the other fellow''' 
It appears that Dixon is just rambling on a list of Astronomers and can't remember a particular name. Galileo? Copernicus? Tycho Brahe? Take your pick.

==Page 18==

'''mirror'd Lanthorns''' 
"Lanthorn" (pronounced "lantern") is an archaic, chiefly British, spelling of "lantern." It is derived from horn, of which the sides were once made. When horns are soaked in hot water for a time they become soft and flexible, much like fingernails do when they are kept in dishwater. These flexible horns can be cut and flattened out to make many translucent plastic-like objects.
"Lant" comes from the Latin ''lanterna'' ("lamp," "torch") which is derived from the Greek ''lampter'' ("torch")" from ''lampein'' ("to shine").

[[image:norfolk_terrier.jpg|right|thumb|125px|Norfolk Terrier]]'''Norfolk Terrier''' 
The grand entrance of the Learnèd English Dog. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Terrier The Norfolk Terrier] is the smallest of the working Terriers. Prior to 1960, when it gained recognition as an independent breed, it was a variety of the Norwich Terrier, distinguished from the Norwich by its "drop", or folded ears.

It appears that the name is an anachronism in ''Mason & Dixon'':

:In the 1880s, British sportsmen developed a working terrier of East Anglia, England. The Norwich Terrier and later the drop-eared variety now know as the Norfolk Terrier, were believed to have been developed by crossing Cairn Terriers, small, short-legged Irish Terrier breeds and the small red terriers used by the Gypsy ratters of Norfolk. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norfolk_Terrier Wikipedia]

==Page 19==

'''''Ministerial''''' 
1. Of, relating to, or characteristic of a minister of religion or of the ministry. 2. Of or relating to administrative and executive duties and functions of government. 3. Law Of, relating to, or being a mandatory act or duty admitting of no personal discretion or judgment in its performance. 4. Acting or serving as an agent; instrumental. From the American Heritage Dictionary.

'''Where the Bee Sucks''' 
A song from Shakespeare's [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_tempest ''The Tempest''] set to music by [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Johnson_(composer) Robert Johnson], the lutenist to [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_I_of_England James I], in the 1659 ''Cheerful Ayres or Ballads''. In ''The Tempest'', after he is set free by Prospero, Ariel sings "Where the Bee Sucks":

:Where the bee sucks, there suck I 
:In a cowslip's bell I lie; 
:There I couch when owls do cry. 
:On the bat's back I do fly 
:After summer merrily. 
:Merrily, merrily shall I live now 
:Under the blossom that hangs on the bough.

The reference to Ariel and ''The Tempest'' foreshadows the L.E.D.'s discourse on how "Dogs learn'd to act as human as possible" in order to avoid being killed for food by humans ([[#Page 22|p. 22]]). A brief analysis of Ariel's character: [http://www.cliffsnotes.com/WileyCDA/LitNote/The-Tempest-Character-Analyses-Ariel.id-130,pageNum-46.html]

:Ariel is a spirit of the air who, because he refused to serve the witch, Sycorax, was imprisoned in a tree until rescued by Prospero. Ariel willingly carries out Prospero’s wishes because he is eager to be free. Although he wants his freedom in exchange, Ariel approaches his tasks with enthusiasm, quickly doing what is asked and promptly reporting any activities that he observes. Early in the play, Ariel reports the plot to murder Prospero, and later, he assists in punishing Prospero’s enemies. Ariel’s obedience is an important symbol of Prospero’s humanity, because he ameliorates Prospero’s role on the island and humanizes the action that Prospero takes against his old adversaries. Finally, Ariel’s willing obedience of Prospero’s wishes stands in stark contrast to Caliban’s cursing and plotting against the same master.

[http://www.contemplator.com/tunebook/england/beesucks.htm Read & Listen...]

'''Integral of One over (Book) d (Book)''' 
Freshman calculus gag. The antiderivative or integral of the function 1/x is the function logarithm of x. Written (integral sign) 1/x dx = log x. Substitute (Book) for x. Answer: log (Book) = logbook.

The same gag appears in GR: 'integral of 1 over cabin d cabin = Log cabin + c = houseboat'.

'''Pistoles''' 
The French name given to a Spanish gold coin in use in 1537; it was a double escudo, the gold unit. The name was also given to the Louis d'Or of Louis XIII of France, and to other European gold coins of about the value of the Spanish coin. One pistole was worth approximately ten livres. In Dumas' ''The Three Musketeers'', set in the 1620s, we learn that thirty-five pistoles and twenty crowns make 465 livres.

'''Gate-Ways to Futurity''' 
Windows into the future.

'''Metempsychosis''' 
Metempsychosis is a philosophical term in the Greek language referring to the belief of transmigration of the soul, especially its reincarnation after death. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metempsychosis Wikipedia entry...]

==Page 20==

'''upstart Chapels''' 
upstart: Suddenly raised to a position of consequence. 2. Self-important; presumptuous. Amer Her Dict.

'''singing Catches''' 
A Catch is a canonic, often rhythmically intricate composition for three or more voices, popular especially in the 17th and 18th centuries. [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catch_%28music%29 Wikipedia entry...]

==Page 21==

'''Fender-Belly''' 
Fender: a cushion hung on the side of a ship to protect it if it bumps into a wharf or so. Old tires now serve this function. Fender-Belly has such a cushion in front.

'''Coconut-Ale''' 
A Beer with the taste of coconut; described as a "killer beer" online.

'''Macaronis''' 
A British and American subculture inspired by the fashion of continential Europe eps. that of Italy. The term comes from the Itallian "maccherone" which means "boorish fool" but was taken on by the British to mean over the top fashionable.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macaroni_%28fashion%29 Macaroni]
They would often speek in an affected manner and mix latin into their speech.
[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macaronic_verse Macaronic Verse]

'''Lunarians''' 
A Lunarian is an member of the movement of astronomers who felt that the solution to the Logitude prize lay in the development of lunar tables describing the moon of Jupiter. Famous Lunarians included Nevil Maskelyne.

'''Hostlers''' 
Singular...One who is employed to tend horses, especially at an inn. 2. One who services a large vehicle or engine, such as a locomotive. Middle English, from Anglo-Norman hostiler.

'''Glim-Jacks''' 
The ''1811 Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue'', originally by Francis Grose,
defines a glim-jack as a link-boy. A [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Link-boy link-boy] (or link boy or linkboy) was a boy who carried a flaming torch to light the way for pedestrians at night. Linkboys were common in London in the days before street lighting. The linkboy's fee was commonly one farthing, and the torch was often made from burning pitch and tow.

In [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thieves%27_cant thieves' cant] (a secret language which was formerly used by thieves, beggars and hustlers of various kinds in English-speaking countries), a linkboy was known as a "Glym Jack" ("glym" meant "light") or a "moon-curser" (as their services would not be required on a moonlit night). Employing a linkboy could be dangerous, as some would lead their clients to dark alleyways, where they could be beset by footpads.

==Page 22==

'''The L.E.D. blinks, shivers, nods in a resign'd way.''' 
L.E.D., here the "Learnèd English Dog", is also the abbreviation for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Light-emitting_diode "light-emitting diodes"], which do blink on a regular basis.

'''praeternatural... supernatural''' 
Praeternatural: Beyond or different from what is natural, or according to the regular course of things, but not clearly supernatural or miraculous; strange; inexplicable; extraordinary; uncommon; irregular; abnormal

'''state of holy Insanity''' 
the second time an Eastern religious practice is linked to insanity. Rev.
Cherrycoke, [[Chapter_1:_5-11#Page 10|page 10]]. Ecstasy or real madness or both?

'''Macaroni Italian Style [...] Fop Fricasée''' 
The Terrier (the Learnèd English Dog) is futuristically punning on the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maccaroni_%28fashion%29 Macaronis] and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fop Fops] mentioned on [[#Page 21|page 21]], as macaroni the food wasn't introduced in the U.S. until years later when [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson Thomas Jefferson] did so in 1789, when he returned home after serving as ambassador to France, bringing his "macaroni machine" with him.

==Page 23==

'''Hydrophobia''' An old name for [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rabies rabies] and thus an understandable concern for the LED.

'''fathom''' 
Six feet.

'''Bahf''' 
Bath.

'''"a British Dog, Sir. No one owns me"'''. 
Cf. Rev Cherrycoke, page 10.

'''a-lop''' 
Lopsided. (One OED cite from 1865)

==Page 24==

'''the Point''' 
???

'''Welsh Main''' 
"...in which eight pairs were matched, the eight victors being again paired, then four, and finally the last surviving pair" [http://www.1911encyclopedia.org/Cock-fighting EB11-cockfighting]

==Page 25==

'''Fulhams''' 
"Loaded dice are called high and lowmen, or high and low fulhams, by Ben Jonson and other writers of his time; either because they were made at Fulham, or from that place being the resort of sharpers" ([http://www.fromoldbooks.org/Grose-VulgarTongue/f/fulhams.html ''Grose's Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue''], 1811)

'''Three-Threads''' 
* “half common Ale, and half Stout or double Beer” ([http://www.fromoldbooks.org/NathanBailey-CantingDictionary/T/THREE-Threads.html ''Canting Dictionary''] [thieving slang], 1737)
* “Half common ale, mixed with stale and double beer” ([http://www.fromoldbooks.org/Grose-VulgarTongue/t/three-threads.html ''Grose’s Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue''], 1811)

'''Euphroe''' 
“A nautical term for blocks of wood with holes in them” (Levy, Toby. [http://www.themodernword.com/pynchon/levy_mason_and_dixon.pdf ''MD3PAD'' PDF]. p. 8). The holes are used for running and securing line. The term usually refers specifically to the crowfeet dead-eyes. See photos 2-6 in this series of [http://forum.aceboard.net/15916-2168-6568-0-Photos-format-plus-eleve-photo-album-larger-format-photos.htm#id83555 pix].

'''Hepsie''' 
Diminutive of [http://www.cutebabyname.com/hepsie.html Hephzibah.]Mother of [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manasseh Manasseh] in the Old Testament(see [http://www.biblegateway.com/passage/?book_id=12&chapter=21&version=9 2 Kings 21:1]).

'''smoaks''' 
The usage here means "to divine" or "to read into," from the ancient practice of divining the future through the interpretation of smoke rising from a fire.

From ''Chambers's Encyclopedia'' (1868):

:Capnomancy (formed from the Greek ''capnos'', smoke, and ''manteia'', divination) was practiced by the ancients in two different ways - either they threw grains of jasmine or poppy on the burning coals, and watched the motions and the density of the smoke that rose from them, or they watched the smoke of sacrifices. This latter kind of C. was most generally employed, and that to which the greatest importance was attached. If the smoke was thin, and ascended in a right line, instead of being blown back by the breeze, or spreading over the altar, the augury was good. It was also believed that the inhalation of the smoke rising from the victims or from the fire which consumed them, gifted the priests with prophetic inspiration. [http://www.webspinning.com.au/home/lambertj/public_html/c.man.html]

==Page 26==

''''pert''' 
Shortened form of 'apert' (open, bold).

==Page 28==

'''share quarters''' 
Quite possible Mauve and Hepsie are the same girl.

'''Mauve''' 
The colour Mauve wasn't discovered until the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mauve 1830s.] However [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Malva "Malva"] (the source for the word)or "Mallow" was one of the oldest known plants.

'''H.M.S. [[I#Inconvenience|Inconvenience]]''' 
[[B#bodine|Fender-Belly Bodine's]] ship (to appear again in 2006 in [http://against-the-day.pynchonwiki.com/wiki/index.php?title=I#inconvenience ''Against the Day''])

==References==
<references />

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Chapter 66: 633-645

2009-07-19T08:00:21Z

Hugo Ball:

==Page 633==
''' "To Thorfinn Karlsefni's Settlement at Hop [...] None but Gudrig ever saw the woman" ''' 
The excerpt comes almost word by word from ''Grœnlendinga saga'' or ''The saga of the Greenlanders'' ([http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gr%C5%93nlendinga_saga Wikipedia entry]) which, along with the ''Saga of Erik the Red'', are the two main literary sources of information for the Norse exploration of North America.

==Page 634==

'''this first Act of American murder, and the collapse of Vineland the Good''' 
cf ''Vineland'', of course. Especially echoes the scene on page 322, where Zoyd is planning to "harbor in Vineland, Vineland the Good".

Vineland was the name given to North America by the Vikings. It was named so because of the wild grapes they found there. ... With the abandonment of Greenland, needed supplies no long made their way to the way station point in North America, a place known as Vineland, so named for the Vikings claims of finding wild grapes there. Major climate change has happened since.

They had 'conflicts' with the Native Americans who lived there, perhaps the first acts of American murder? The conflict was probably short-lived while the commerce went on for 500 years. adapted from 'Vineland'
[[http://www.american.edu/TED/ice/vineland.htm]]

==Page 643==
'''Dogs run free''' Possible allusion to Bob Dylan's 1970 song "If Dogs Run Free"?

==Annotation Index==

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Chapter 27: 266-274

2009-07-19T07:45:50Z

Hugo Ball:

Chapter 23: 228-237

2009-07-19T07:38:35Z

Hugo Ball: Created page with '==Page 229== '''preferring 365 and a Quarter''' Roughly the length of a year (or the number of days it takes for the earth to rotate the sun). ==Annotation Index== {{MD PbP…'

==Page 229==
'''preferring 365 and a Quarter''' Roughly the length of a year (or the number of days it takes for the earth to rotate the sun).

==Annotation Index==

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Chapter 15: 158-166

2009-07-19T07:32:36Z

Hugo Ball: Created page with '==Page 158== '''Station of the Cross''' For Catholics, the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stations_of_the_Cross stations of the cross] are the stages or steps of Jesus during h…'

==Page 158==
'''Station of the Cross''' For Catholics, the [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stations_of_the_Cross stations of the cross] are the stages or steps of Jesus during his betrayal and crucifixion. (See page 162.)

==Page 162==

'''yet could I ransom at least one Soul''' 
This echoes Matthew 20.28: "The Son of Man came not to be served, but to serve, and to give his life as a ransom for many." This connection is enforced by the opening lines of this chapter which mention the stations of the cross.

==Annotation Index==

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Chapter 12: 116-124

2009-07-19T07:19:03Z

Hugo Ball: Created page with '==Page 118== '''Sirius Business''' A nice astronomical pun on "serious business." Sirius is the brightest star in the night sky, aka "Dog Star." ==Annotation Index== {{MD…'

==Page 118==

'''Sirius Business''' 
A nice astronomical pun on "serious business." Sirius is the brightest star in the night sky, aka "Dog Star."

==Annotation Index==

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